…when the patient lies flat or moves [2], [5]. Localization: While often retrosternal, the pain may be localized to the left anterior chest and can…

…not be depolarized via the Purkinje network, but rather via spread of the depolarization from the right ventricle. The abnormal ventricular depolarization will cause an…

ECG Video lecture: The T wave: normal, inverted (negative) hyperacute and flat T waves

…left ventricle is usually considerably larger than the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of the electrical potentials generated by the left…

…reason why the ST segment is flat and isoelectric (i.e in level with the baseline). Displacement of the ST segment is of fundamental importance…

…of chest compressions. Identifying return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Prognostication. Potential reasons for a flat ETCO2 curve include: Ventilator or capnograph not activated. Displacement of…

…means that it should be flat and on the same level as the baseline (recall that the baseline is the level of the PR segment)…

…isolated implies that none of the neighboring leads display T wave inversions. aVF generally shows a positive T wave but it may occasionally be flat…

…220 msec. The PR segment is the flat line between the end of the P wave and the start of the QRS complex. The PR…

…cannot lie flat or cannot cooperate — consider sedation, a different position or a different vessel. Choice of site Vessel Advantages Disadvantages : : : Internal jugular vein (right)…

…aspects of the fingers, the ulnar groove, the neck of the fibula). The eyelid margins, the cartilage of the nasal tip, the free edge of…

…Procedure Insertion of the laryngeal mask 1. Check the mask, remove air from the cuff so that it is flat with a slightly upturned leading…

…left ventricle is many times larger than the vector generated by the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of left ventricular depolarization…

…the orifice is flat, which is often not the case for the valves. For example, a closed aortic valve assumes the shape of a cone…

…media and bloggers questioned LDL, dietary fat and statins Popular blogs and media reach out to billions of individuals worldwide. They exert enormous influence over…

…25 to 29.9 Obese : 30 and above Limitations of BMI Despite its widespread use, BMI has several limitations: It does not distinguish between fat…

…population measure that performs poorly at the level of the individual: it does not distinguish muscle from fat and takes no account of fat distribution…

…flap. Propagation may be antegrade or, less commonly, retrograde. Distal re entry tears may allow blood to return to the true lumen, whereas disruption of…

…cardiomyopathy that predominantly affects the right ventricle. ARVC is defined by the gradual loss of myocardial cells, which are replaced by fat and fibrous tissue…

…The focus of infection on the flap is called vegetation. As a rule, some kind of damage to native (own) valves is required to become…

…report. A shave biopsy of a pigmented lesion that turns out to be a melanoma can make the Breslow thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible…

…the aortic lumen and the haematoma and without a visible intimal flap or false lumen. It is commonly attributed to rupture of the vasa vasorum…

…in various tissues, including the liver, lung, fat, and skin, with myocardial concentrations reaching 10 to 50 times those found in plasma. Plasma clearance is…

…antihypertensives, should prompt clinical suspicion [1]. Cardiac Signs and Symptoms Patients often present with symptoms of predominant right heart failure, including lower extremity edema, ascites…

…dietary interventions than with low fat control diets. In one trial of patients with previous myocardial infarction, the Mediterranean intervention involved greater consumption of fruits…

…utility is frequently limited by its inability to distinguish between muscle mass and various fat depots, or to identify the precise location of excess adiposity…

…the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease than total adiposity alone. The waist circumference associated with risk varies among populations, reflecting differences in fat distribution…

…indicative of obesity or excess abdominal adiposity. Ethnic specific thresholds are lower or otherwise modified in some populations. Cardiometabolic mechanisms Visceral and ectopic fat are…

…to the plate, and the cuticle is the flap of skin that extends from the proximal fold over the base of the plate. Preparation and…

…in tendinitis and epicondylitis . Higher doses than these add nothing documented but increase the risk of skin and fat atrophy. Lederspan states in addition that…

…factors—high LDL cholesterol, cigarette smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus—disturb endothelial function and favour the accumulation of fat, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts and extracellular…

Cardiology Endocrinology & metabolism Definition and pathophysiology Hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) is defined by an increased concentration of circulating triglycerides. Both fasting and non fasting measurements provide prognostic…

Echocardiography Principles of echocardiographic examinations In small children, it is possible to perform the entire transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with the child in the supine position…