…may mimic (simulate) or mask ischemia. Simulation of ischemia manifests as ST segment elevations in leads V1–V3, accompanied by ST segment depressions in leads…

…laboratory abnormalities indicate end organ injury. Eclampsia is the occurrence of new onset seizures or coma in a pregnant woman with preeclampsia. HELLP syndrome—haemolysis…

…Aspiration Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Bronchospasm (asthma) Other : Coma Central hypoventilation syndromes Neuromuscular diseases Anemia The natural course of asphyxia Should ventilation be entirely…

…Neurological symptoms, confusion, convulsion, tachycardia, hypotension, coma. As above but with lower temperatures. Electrolyte replacement. Large infusions of fluids are typically needed. Table 1. Grading…

…L pH < 7.00 or bicarbonate < 10 mmol/L Stupor or coma may occur Mixed picture of DKA and HHS Overlap is common…

…neck mobility (1 point), mouth opening under 3 cm (1 point), coma (1 point), severe hypoxaemia below 80 % (1 point), and the intubator not being…

…can cause: difficulty concentrating irritability or abnormal behaviour slurred speech visual disturbance confusion focal neurological signs drowsiness or unconsciousness seizures coma The symptom threshold varies…

…Severe symptoms: treat immediately Hypertonic sodium chloride Give hypertonic saline 30 mg/mL, 3 per cent, 100 mL intravenously over about 10 to 20 minutes …

…the plasma glucose, a blood gas and an ECG all come before complete identification of the substance. Treatment of acute poisoning consists of four parallel…

…preferred. An increase of 1 2 mEq/L per hour for a total of 4 6 mEq/L in 24 hours may be targeted. Chronic…

…s outcome: Neurological injury Myocardial dysfunction Systemic response to reperfusion and ischemia Effects of the underlying cause of cardiac arrest Neurological injuries may cause coma…

Farmakologi & dosering Kardiologi Lathundar Three questions come up again and again on call: which dose, how long to interrupt treatment before a procedure, and how…

Echocardiography The Continuity Equation: What Goes In Must Come Out As previously discussed, stroke volume is usually calculated by measuring area and VTI (velocity time…

…often for practical than for medical reasons: the cuff is in the wrong place, the electrodes come off, the patient has not kept a diary…

…despite maximally tolerated therapy. It is a prodrug activated predominantly in the liver by very long chain acyl CoA synthetase 1. This activating enzyme is…

…vestibular schwannoma, labyrinthitis Continuous vertigo that does not come in attacks Vestibular neuritis, central cause Marked imbalance that makes walking impossible Cerebellar infarction HINTS in…

…Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden, is the force behind the comprehensive online course at ecgwaves.com. This website provides a comprehensive learning ecosystem. It includes a…

…Hence, right ventricular hypertrophy must be pronounced in order to come to the expression on ECG. Moderate right ventricular hypertrophy may not alter the ECG…

…https://ecgwaves.com/course/sudden cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation cpr/ Approximately 80% of individuals who suffer a sudden cardiac arrest have ventricular fibrillation prior…

…the least to the most invasive technique. 1. Irrigate with sterile saline — loose particles often come away. 2. A moistened cotton bud with a rolling…

…hours. Never irrigate and never instil fluid onto a battery — the moisture drives the reaction. The battery must come out immediately, with a hook, forceps…

…quick reference. Forgetting to review the dose as the corticosteroid is tapered. The dose must come down in parallel, otherwise hypoglycaemia will follow. Discharge without…

…with at least 15 mm depth of fluid throughout the respiratory cycle and where the lung does not come up against the probe on inspiration…

…Hodges’ formula This method corrects the QT interval by adding a factor based on the difference between the heart rate and 60 beats per minute…

…7 ). The explanation for this is as follows: The vector resulting from activation of the right ventricle does not come to expression , because it is…

…vision, burning sensation. Relevant reading https://ecgwaves.com/topic/diagnosis management tachycardia tachyarrhythmia wide narrow/ References Drug Bank Zipes et al: Arrhythmology, Elsevier (2019). Wellington…

…ventricular activity. Fortunately, the treatment of atrial fibrillation has come a long way. Treatment with anticoagulation is highly effective in reducing stroke risk. Wrfarin and…

…depth discussion regarding J wave syndromes is provided by Charles Antzelevitch. Note that Brugada syndrome and early repolarization are discussed separately here on ecgwaves.com.

…Treatment of first degree AV block Refer to Management of Atrioventricular (AV) Blocks https://ecgwaves.com/topic/av block 1 2 3 treatment management ecg/