…Sodium Bicarbonate Unfractionated Heparin Protamine Valproic acid L carnitine (limited evidence) Warfarin Vitamin K Fresh frozen plasma Prothrombin complex concentrate Actions in suspected poisoning and…

…urine output, volume status, electrolytes, acid base status and the underlying cause. KDIGO recommends prompt investigation of reversible causes, continuing staging, and treatment directed at…

…parallel: mechanical control of bleeding, tranexamic acid where it is not contraindicated, and contact with the on call coagulation service. Send samples for INR, APTT…

…achieved with statins for a comparable absolute degree of LDL C lowering. Diabetes and glycaemic outcomes Among participants with diabetes, bempedoic acid produced significant relative…

…is unclear. Metamizole: May reduce the antiplatelet effect of acetylsalicylic acid. Use with caution in patients on low dose acetylsalicylic acid for cardioprotection. Pharmacokinetic interactions…

…in the same order every time. Skipping a step is a common reason why mixed acid base disorders are missed. The blood gas describes the…

Cardiology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and therapeutic rationale Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is an antiplatelet drug that irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase and thereby suppresses thromboxane A2 synthesis…

…Prasugrel, administered in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including…

…Nandrolone Decanoate NANDROLONE DECANOATE Nandrolone Decanoate NA sp ambiguous Caution is required for patients with cardiac disease Bleomycin BLEOMYCIN BLEOMYCIN SULFATE Heart Damage wp less…

…treatment with ticagrelor. Caution is advised for patients with hyperuricemia or gout. Use of ticagrelor is discouraged in patients with uric acid nephropathy. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic…

…150–250: add homocysteine or methylmalonic acid Folate 7 nmol/L Electrolytes and renal function See the renal parameters for the eGFR stages and albuminuria…

…if blood ketones are unavailable Blood ketones < 3.0 mmol/L Acid–base Venous pH < 7.3 and/or bicarbonate < 18 mmol…

…acute coronary syndrome See the circulatory and haemodynamic parameters for pressures, flows and shock profiles. Acid–base and electrolytes in intensive care Neurological monitoring Parameter…

…mmol sodium bicarbonate per mL) for bolus and infusion, and glucose 50 mg/mL as carrier solution according to local protocol. Potassium chloride for infusion…

…plus ezetimibe. Consider bempedoic acid in selected patients, particularly those with statin intolerance or persistent failure to reach goal. For statin intolerant patients, ezetimibe may…

…mediators. Increased free fatty acid flux and impaired insulin action promote hepatic triglyceride rich lipoprotein synthesis and reduce triglyceride rich lipoprotein and remnant clearance. The…

…pharmacological basis Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of oral agents initially developed for glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)…

…disturbance. 4. Monitoring at the appropriate level of care , with readiness for respiratory support. 5. Treatment of the alcohol use disorder and planned follow up …

…metronidazole, moxifloxacin and fusidic acid. All have good absorption and are best given orally when gut function is intact. Oral vancomycin (only for C. difficile…

…value does not exclude significant blood loss. Massive haemorrhage meeting the criteria for activation of the massive transfusion protocol. Plasma and platelets: in ongoing bleeding…

…Lathundar The doses below are taken from the recommendations of Strama Stockholm for the empirical antibiotic treatment of adults in hospital and in residential care…

…ointment (for example mupirocin or bacitracin), saline, and an intravenous cannula for expanding the tampon. Topical tranexamic acid on a pledget or as a solution…

…Others Cyanide, boric acid, fluoride Preparation and equipment Medicinal charcoal as a ready made suspension or as a powder for suspension in water. A glass…

…emergencies the following is aimed for: 1. Lower the mean arterial pressure by no more than about 20 to 25 per cent during the first…

…Transfusion restores circulating volume, oxygen transport and haemostatic capacity, but it cannot compensate for an uncontrolled source of bleeding. Minimise the time to surgery, endoscopy…

…scale that discriminates within the acidic range — ordinary litmus paper that only shows acid or alkaline is not sufficient. A fixation dressing for the nose…

…rather similar within a drug class. While the risk of TdP is well defined for many of these agents, many are classified as QT prolonging…

…A history of increasing frequency of hospitalizations and visits for heart failure without disease recognition in the 3 years preceding diagnosis is also a notable…

…although some series report 10–20%. Other life threatening cardiopulmonary conditions account for approximately 5% of presentations in some populations. Despite this relatively low prevalence…

…the overall combinations of foods habitually consumed rather than isolated nutrients considered independently. For cardiometabolic health, the most favourable patterns generally contain more minimally processed…

…non HDL C and apolipoprotein B. Causes and secondary contributors A search for secondary contributors is an essential first step. Recognised causes include: Diabetes and…

…ECG blog Endocrinology & metabolism Cardiovascular medicine is currently witnessing a paradigm shift. For decades, the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity was…

…pads should be positioned as standard, and defibrillation energy levels should remain consistent with those used for non pregnant adults. The fetus is not harmed…

…As discussed below, this information can aid in diagnosing ischemia and infarction and guide appropriate management strategies. For instance, administering nitroglycerin to alleviate ischemic chest…

…plug. The tympanic membrane cannot be inspected and the examination is needed for the diagnosis. Before audiometry or the fitting of a hearing aid. Recurrent…

…to predict clinical outcomes and aid in personalized treatment decisions. The SYNTAX Score was created to address the need for a standardized method to evaluate…