Chapters Archive – Page 16 of 22 – The Cardiovascular

Figure 1. Sinoatrial arrest. Also note the ST-segment elevations (which in this case has no relation to the sinoatrial arrest).

Sinoatrial arrest & sinoatrial pause (sinus pause / arrest)

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Figure 1. ECG changes seen in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). The electrical vector of the left ventricle is enhanced in LVH, which results in large R-waves in left sided leads (V5, V6, aVL and I) and deep S-waves in right sided chest leads (V1, V2). Right ventricular hypertrophy causes large R-waves in right sided chest leads and deeper S-waves in left sided leads.

ECG in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH): criteria and implications

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Sinoatrial block (SA block): ECG criteria, causes and clinical features

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Figure 10. ECGs presenting Brugada syndrome type 1, type 2 and type 3, respectively.

Brugada syndrome: ECG, clinical features and management

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Figure 1. ECG changes seen in hyperkalaemia.

ECG changes due to electrolyte imbalance (disorder)

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Figure 2. Two ECGs showing left and right ventricular hypertrophy.

Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH): ECG criteria & clinical characteristics

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Figure 1. Left anterior fascicular block (hemiblock) and left posterior fascicular block (hemiblock). Inspired by GS Wagner (Marriott's Practical Electrocardiography, Elsevier 2007) and AL Goldberg (Clinical Electrocardiography: A Simplified Approach, Elsevier Mosby 2006).

Fascicular block (hemiblock): Left anterior & left posterior fascicular block

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Figure 1. Characteristics of ischemic ST segment depressions on ECG.

ST segment depression in myocardial ischemia and differential diagnoses

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Figure 1. ST segment depression due to digoxin treatment.

Digoxin – ECG changes, arrhythmias, conduction defects & treatment

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Figure 2. Right bundle branch block (RBBB) and left bundle branch block (LBBB). Note that the paper speed is 50 mm/s (1 large box equals 100 ms). The hallmark of both RBBB and LBBB is the QRS duration which is by definitions 120 ms or longer. The distinction between RBBB and LBBB is simple, as illustrated in this figure.

Right bundle branch block (RBBB): ECG, criteria, definitions, causes & treatment

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