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Nasogastric tube

…5. Ask the patient to flex the head forward and swallow repeatedly , preferably with sips of water if swallowing is safe. Advance the tube in…

Reduction of dislocations

…a high risk of avascular necrosis of the femoral head and of vascular injury; always an orthopaedic surgeon, and usually general anaesthesia. An open dislocation…

Foreign body in the ear and nose

…hydroxide ions are generated at the negative pole of the battery and produce a liquefactive necrosis that can reach the septal cartilage within a few…

Opioid therapy in severe pain

…depression, or untreated severe respiratory failure without the possibility of monitoring. Paralytic ileus and suspected obstructive ileus (an opioid can be given for the pain…

Edrophonium test

…gaze, or the number of seconds the patient can hold the head lifted off the couch. Filming before and during the test is helpful. A…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…paradoxus. Tamponade is therefore characterized haemodynamically by elevation and near equalization of diastolic pressures in the cardiac chambers, with chamber pressures approaching intrapericardial pressure. The…

Bempedoic Acid: Evidence and Clinical Use

…ratio was 0.83, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.72–0.95 and an absolute risk reduction of 2.4%. There was no…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…character of the pain. 2. Measure and trace the ulcer; photograph it with a ruler in the image. A reduction in size of 40% within…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…band and the chin in the rest. Support your working hand against the patient's zygoma or the bridge of the nose. 4. Approach tangentially…

Casting and immobilisation

…Immobilisation after reduction of a dislocation. Immobilisation of a ligament injury, a tendon injury, or after suturing over a joint. Pain relief and stabilisation for…

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