…laboratory abnormalities indicate end organ injury. Eclampsia is the occurrence of new onset seizures or coma in a pregnant woman with preeclampsia. HELLP syndrome—haemolysis…

…pads should be positioned as standard, and defibrillation energy levels should remain consistent with those used for non pregnant adults. The fetus is not harmed…

…an important consideration in older populations. Risk prediction is particularly relevant in adults with elevated blood pressure (BP), in whom absolute cardiovascular risk varies considerably…

…Indications Hypertension, hypertensive emergency/crisis. Pregnancy induced hypertension. Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Mechanism of action Nicardipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB). Nicardipine…

…Hypertensive emergency, including in pregnancy. Postoperative hypertension. Mechanism of action Combined beta adrenergic and alpha adrenergic blocker with rapid onset of action. Labetalol has less…

Procedurer For many patients a gynaecological examination is associated with a sense of exposure, and technically correct performance is only half the task. The examination…

…commonest error in paracentesis is not performing it. Every patient admitted with ascites should undergo a diagnostic paracentesis , because spontaneous bacterial peritonitis often lacks abdominal…

Info This drug manual is provided for use in patients with hypertensive emergency (also referred to as hypertensive crisis or malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is…

Cardiology This drug manual is provided for use in patients with hypertensive emergency (also referred to as hypertensive crisis or malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is…

…levels, particularly in pregnancy [1,2]. Malignant hypertension is not entirely synonymous with a hypertensive emergency. The term denotes severe hypertension with advanced hypertensive retinopathy…

…cerebrovascular diseases, such as: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Stroke Contraindications Cross reactivity: Do not administer to patients with a history of asthma, rhinitis, or urticaria…

…Hypertension in pregnancy. Contraindications There are no absolute contraindications. Refrain or adapt in atrial fibrillation with a rapid and irregular ventricular rate (oscillometric measurement becomes…

…The condition occurs above all in: treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors pregnancy prolonged fasting or a very low carbohydrate intake excessive alcohol consumption vomiting or othe

…example in pregnancy, acute glomerular disease or scleroderma renal crisis [1,2]. A hypertensive emergency means a markedly raised blood pressure together with ongoing or…

…pregnancy or malignancy. A markedly raised GGT with the other tests normal is most often enzyme induction by alcohol or drugs and is often of…

…Contact the centre early in serious, unusual or unclear poisoning, with modified release preparations, mixed poisoning, pregnancy, children, a need for an antidote or dialysis…

…mmHg for 15 minutes, or a need for a vasopressor), obstructive shock or cardiac arrest with suspected pulmonary embolism. Urgent bedside echocardiography, looking for right…

…cost, adherence, pregnancy after the first trimester under specialist care). Rheumatic mitral stenosis with atrial fibrillation. In uncomplicated atrial fibrillation and in ordinary venous thromboembolism…

…planning pregnancy, uncontrolled hypertension or annual growth 3 mm. Limitations Formulas assume normal body habitus Ethnic variations may require adjusted thresholds Always correlate with imaging…

…hypertension mediated target organ damage (HMOD). The European definition uses BP ≥180/110 mmHg with acute HMOD, although other guidance emphasizes that no single BP…

…time during pregnancy or after delivery. The clinical context is particularly important. SCAD should be considered in a young or middle aged woman with ACS…

…overlap with risk factors for DVT; immobilisation, surgery, hypercoagulability, and pregnancy are common risk factors (see Risk factors below). A significant proportion of cases with…

…to haemorrhage control that determines the outcome. Indications Symptomatic anaemia, or a haemoglobin below the applicable transfusion threshold (see below). Ongoing bleeding with haemodynamic compromise…

… raised by anaemia, age and pregnancy Procalcitonin < 0.25 µg/L Supports a bacterial aetiology; used to guide antibiotic therapy Glucose and lipids Test…

…single dose Urosepsis with shock and suspected ESBL meropenem 1 g × 3 IV Do not treat asymptomatic bacteriuria. The exceptions are pregnancy and the period…

…completely. Relative contraindications: A high risk of aspiration: a non fasted patient, ileus, third trimester pregnancy, marked reflux. A need for high airway pressures, for…

…or more with continuing bleeding, or a smaller measured blood loss if there is physiological compromise. Do not wait for hypotension in young, pregnant or…

…aorta Previous aortic trauma Pregnancy, particularly the third trimester Weightlifting Cocaine use Deceleration injury Systemic hypertension coexists in approximately 70% of patients with aortic dissection…

…congestion. In pregnant patients presenting with suspected acute heart failure, urgent hospital admission and referral to an expert centre with advanced heart failure care capabilities…

…and pregnancy related history. Female specific or female predominant factors associated with later cardiovascular risk include: Premature menopause Premature ovarian insufficiency Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy…

…neutropenic fever is limited, but delayed antibiotics are associated with a worse outcome in sepsis and in several studies of neutropenic patients. In septic shock…

…cautiously in patients with high intracranial pressure or azotemia. • Should not be given to pregnant women. • Should not be given to patients with Leber optic…

…Increase as necessary. Maximum dose: 5 mg iv every six hours. Adverse effects Severe hypotension. Contraindications • Contraindicated in pregnancy, severe renal artery stenosis, severe hyperkalemia. •…