…with insulin, a sulfonylurea, a beta blocker or liver failure Blood gas pH, pCO2, bicarbonate, lactate and, where needed, methaemoglobin and carboxyhaemoglobin Electrolytes Sodium, potassium,

…measurement of urine output. Baseline tests: blood gas with electrolytes, sodium, potassium, ionised calcium, creatinine, CK in rhabdomyolysis, and salicylate concentration in poisoning. Procedure 1…

…least 48 hours Unknown Treated as chronic with respect to the correction limits The brain adapts to prolonged hypotonicity by extruding electrolytes and organic osmolytes…

…refractory fluid overload, uraemic symptoms (pericarditis, encephalopathy) and certain poisonings. Early initiation without an absolute indication has not been shown to improve survival. Parameter Guide…

CPR Poisoning and drug toxicity In adolescents and young adults, intoxication events leading to cardiac arrest are notably prevalent, primarily due to the misuse of…

…the lung. No tube may be used before its position has been verified by an approved method, and auscultation is not such a method. Indications…

…block) and second degree AV block Mobitz type 2. Marked sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, sick sinus syndrome with long pauses. Bradycardia in poisoning with a…

…distress. Delirium is an acute neuropsychiatric syndrome and a clinical diagnosis, often described as acute brain failure. It is precipitated by somatic illness, drugs, poisoning…

…of aspiration. Repeated doses of charcoal are given in serious poisoning with agents that undergo enterohepatic or enteroenteric recirculation, including carbamazepine, theophylline and quinine. Repeated…

…limit of normal: paracetamol poisoning, ischaemic hepatitis ("shock liver") or acute viral hepatitis. The three are distinguished by the history and the speed of the…

…concentration is given irrespective of the saturation Carbon monoxide poisoning. The pulse oximeter does not distinguish carboxyhaemoglobin from oxyhaemoglobin and shows a falsely normal value…

…period, for example after poisoning, since this is not compatible with a DCD process. The assessment of medical suitability is made by the transplant team…

…and written instructions. Patients taking beta blockers may respond poorly to adrenaline. If there is no response, give glucagon 1–5 mg IV followed by…

…or where poisoning, arrhythmia or cardiac involvement is suspected. Transient apnoea, hypoxaemia, a rising lactate, acidosis, hypertension and tachycardia are common during a generalised seizure…