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Edrophonium test

…in about 80 % of generalised and around half of ocular myasthenia, thereafter MuSK and LRP4 antibodies) and on neurophysiology (repetitive nerve stimulation with a decrement ≥…

Wound suturing

…nerve injury will heal badly however neatly the suture is placed. The commonest cause of wound infection is retained contamination, not poor suture technique — and…

Reduction of dislocations

…shoulder dislocation, with an effect equivalent to sedation and fewer adverse effects Digital nerve block The standard in finger dislocation Procedural sedation Propofol, ketamine or…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

Procedurer A corticosteroid injection into soft tissue gives rapid but time limited pain relief and rarely alters the natural history of the disease. In lateral…

ACE Inhibitor Cough and Angioedema: Practical Management

…syndrome" has emerged, emphasizing the putative role of sensitized sensory nerve endings and afferent neural pathways in causing chronic refractory cough, akin to chronic neuropathic…

Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

…of EMI, although radiofrequency procedures, nerve stimulators, and other electronic equipment may also interfere with device function. The clinical consequences depend on the device, the…

Digoxin - ECG changes, arrhythmias, conduction defects & treatment

…to increased Vagus nerve activity caused by digoxin. Increased Vagus activity diminishes the automaticity in the sinoatrial node (which lowers heart rate) and also slows…

Arterial line

…pressure amplification. The brachial artery should be avoided — the collaterals are poor and the median nerve lies close by. Preparation and equipment Arterial catheter, usually…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…The first choice for larger volumes and depot preparations; safer than the dorsogluteal site because the sciatic nerve and the superior gluteal artery are avoided…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…A nail spicule that has split off Removal of the spicule A painful subungual haematoma with an intact nail plate and intact nail folds Trephination…

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