…Cardiac output and blood pressure, rather than ECG, are the strongest predictors of adverse outcomes. Non acute or asymptomatic bradycardia Non acute bradycardia is a…

…and where no liver, lung or vessel lies in the path of the needle. Access Puncture site Direction Comment : : : : Subxiphoid 1–2 cm below and…

…recorded ECG) is a very strong predictor of survival. This is because cardiac arrest presenting with ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) can…

…pacing may rarely result in pacing during ventricular repolarization and provoke ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. The likelihood of clinically significant EMI is generally low…

CPR Cardiac arrest is a result of tachyarrhythmia, bradyarrhythmia or asystole. The tachyarrhythmias include ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT). The bradyarrhythmias include…

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and Pathophysiology Sotalol is a nonselective beta adrenoceptor blocker devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity that also prolongs cardiac repolarization…

…Phase 0 : Indicates the beginning of the next inspiration. Normal ETCO 2 : 38 mmHg (5 kPa) or 5%. Monitoring ETCO 2 aids in: Assessing ventilation…

…medical treatment life threatening arrhythmias or cardiac arrest mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction. acute heart failure recurrent dynamic ST segment or T wave changes…

…Alternative modalities — cardiac MRI, long term ambulatory monitoring, electrophysiological study, PET, SPECT, genetic profiling — add information but are too costly or invasive to screen a…

…contractility of hypothermia are not tolerated. A decision to withhold further life sustaining treatment. Preparation and equipment Continuous core temperature measurement. An oesophageal probe or…