…in the assessment of myocardial reperfusion The ECG is an invaluable tool to assess whether an occlusion has been resolved and blood flow has been…

…The principal pathophysiological determinant of early adverse outcome is acute RV failure. In acute PE, obstruction of pulmonary blood flow increases RV pressure load and…

…include: Ventilator or capnograph not activated. Displacement of the tracheal tube. Cardiac arrest without adequate blood flow or ineffective compressions. While ETCO 2 is optimally…

…The shunt fraction (Qp/Qs) is a critical hemodynamic parameter used to quantify the ratio of pulmonary blood flow (Qp) to systemic blood flow (Qs)…

…A MAP of approximately 60 to 65 mmHg is generally considered the minimum threshold necessary to ensure sufficient blood flow to vital organs such as…

…marked work of breathing — the strongest indication, with a rapid effect on dyspnoea and oxygenation. Atelectasis and postoperative hypoxaemia. Hypoxaemic failure where high flow nasal…

…a mask with a reservoir, a Venturi mask with a set of valves, and a high flow nasal cannula where available. Bag mask equipment for…

…is the misapplication of this score. A high HAS BLED score (≥3) indicates a need for closer clinical monitoring and aggressive modification of reversible risk…

…low output, or persistent severe symptoms require close monitoring and consideration of invasive haemodynamic assessment when precise measurements are needed to guide therapy. Diagnostics Electrocardiography…

…Minimal chronotropic effect. Increases coronary blood flow. Atrial or ventricular arrhythmias Bradycardia Peripheral (digital) ischemia Hypertension (especially nonselective β blocker patients) Prolonged use may be…