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Urinary alkalinisation

…at the same time reduces the passage of salicylate into the central nervous system. Contact your national or regional poison control centre for advice on…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…increase the entry of salicylate into the central nervous system. Discuss the case early with the poison control centre and with anaesthesia or intensive care…

Lipoprotein(a): Measurement and Clinical Implications

…high Lp(a) level may lead to substantial underestimation of cardiovascular risk. Conversely, Lp(a) measurement provides limited additional reclassification beyond currently recommended global risk…

Central venous catheter

…catheter). Measurement of central venous pressure and central venous oxygen saturation. Repeated blood sampling during intensive care. Exhausted peripheral venous access during prolonged intravenous therapy…

Carotid Artery Disease: Screening, Medical Therapy and Revascularisation

…in the broader assessment of peripheral arterial and aortic disease; planned surgery, especially carotid endarterectomy (CEA), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), or major non cardiac…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…checked with a capillary or venous measurement [5]. Treatment The awake patient who can swallow safely Give 15 to 20 g of rapid acting carbohydrate…

Posterior Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis on the Standard ECG

…major peripheral pulses. Blood pressure measurement in both arms. Cardiac auscultation. Pulmonary auscultation. Evaluation for heart failure. Assessment for circulatory compromise, haemodynamic instability, or electrical…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…myelodysplastic syndrome or myeloproliferative neoplasm. Work up and staging of lymphoma and myeloma. Suspected bone marrow metastasis. Assessment of treatment response and measurement of residual…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…may be falsely normal because of medial sclerosis — in that case add toe pressure measurement. Absolute: ABI < 0.5 or toe pressure < 30…

Arterial line

…of fluid management. Contraindications Infection, burn or trauma over the insertion site. Insufficient collateral circulation to the hand. Vascular disease in the limb: marked peripheral…

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