…and vasculitis do occur. Wound debridement 1. Cleanse with lukewarm tap water or saline; showering the leg is a good option. 2. Apply topical anaesthetic…

…compression treatment of a leg ulcer — compression in arterial insufficiency can cause necrosis. Screening in diabetes of 10 years' duration, or in diabetes with age…

…adults, the x axis represents time (the paper speed is typically 25 mm/s or 50 mm/s) and the y axis represents amplitude (millivolts…

…sinus rhythm without spontaneous breathing, passive leg raising with an increase in stroke volume 10%, or inferior vena cava variability . In the absence of responsiveness…

…with poor circulation, above all the lower leg in a patient with peripheral arterial disease or diabetes — the wound may not heal. Over superficial nerves…

…pericarditis or endocarditis. Acute aortic dissection. Physical inability to perform the test safely. Relative: Condition Comment : : Left main stenosis Known — perform the test only on…

…examination is associated with a sense of exposure, and technically correct performance is only half the task. The examination must be preceded by information about…

Procedurer A monoarthritis is septic until proven otherwise, and the only thing that proves otherwise is the synovial fluid. The aspiration is technically simple — what…

…cancer, chronic cardiac or pulmonary disease, a pulse ≥ 110/min, a systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg and a saturation < 90 per cent. An…

…40% are asymptomatic, 50% report atypical leg symptoms and fewer than 10% have classic claudication. Asymptomatic or atypical PAD remains clinically important. Reduced activity may…

…diminished cardiac output or an angina equivalent. Note that women, diabetics and older individuals with coronary artery disease may only present with dyspnea (which is…

…etc. Exercise stress testing may also be referred to as exercise ECG or exercise tolerance test . Because the vast majority of all exercise stress tests…

…catheter ) has been the first choice, but today the majority of patients can only be assessed using echocardiography. A common question is the presence of…