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Reduction of dislocations

…Posterior shoulder dislocation, which is often associated with fracture and requires an orthopaedic surgeon. Dislocation of a native hip (as opposed to a prosthesis) — a…

Assessment of Pacemaker Malfunction

…Two types of failure to capture should be distinguished: Genuine failure to capture occurs when a stimulus that is expected to result in activation fails…

Casting and immobilisation

…that should make them seek help immediately. Indications An undisplaced or reduced fracture to be treated conservatively. Immobilisation after reduction of a dislocation. Immobilisation of…

Nasogastric tube

…stricture or a known diverticulum Relative Recent nasal or pharyngeal surgery Signs that should raise the suspicion of a base of skull fracture: periorbital bruising…

Oesophageal ECG

…effect of adenosine, which can be given during the recording and unmask the atrial activity. The investigation is diagnostic, not therapeutic. An unstable patient should…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…body reaching the stroma or deeper. The absence of a slit lamp — the cornea should not be instrumented without magnification. With a suspected chemical injury…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…crush technique, stent fracture or collapse Lesion specific angiographic features Residual dissection at a stent margin, impaired flow into or out of the stent, stent…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…A single central feature is enough to proceed with urgent investigation , and a normal CT of the brain does not exclude an infarction in the…

Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) - Advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS)

…with skull fractures (risk of intracranial malposition of the tube) or coagulopathy (risk of bleeding). An advanced airway (tracheal tube, supraglottic airway) should be established…

NSTEMI: Risk Stratification and Timing of the Invasive Strategy

…In contrast, haemodynamically stable patients without ST segment elevation after successful resuscitation from out of hospital cardiac arrest should not routinely undergo immediate angiography. A…

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