…when the patient lies flat or moves [2], [5]. Localization: While often retrosternal, the pain may be localized to the left anterior chest and can…

…segment depressions with prominent T waves in the majority of the chest leads may indicate an acute occlusion in the LAD (left anterior descending artery)…

ECG Video lecture: The T wave: normal, inverted (negative) hyperacute and flat T waves

…of the QRS complex. The PR interval determines whether impulse transmission from atria to ventricles is normal. The isoelectric (flat) line between the end of…

…reason why the ST segment is flat and isoelectric (i.e in level with the baseline). Displacement of the ST segment is of fundamental importance…

…of chest compressions. Identifying return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Prognostication. Potential reasons for a flat ETCO2 curve include: Ventilator or capnograph not activated. Displacement of…

…means that it should be flat and on the same level as the baseline (recall that the baseline is the level of the PR segment)…

…isolated implies that none of the neighboring leads display T wave inversions. aVF generally shows a positive T wave but it may occasionally be flat…

…220 msec. The PR segment is the flat line between the end of the P wave and the start of the QRS complex. The PR…

…A patient who cannot lie flat or cannot cooperate — consider sedation, a different position or a different vessel. Choice of site Vessel Advantages Disadvantages : : : Internal…

…aspects of the fingers, the ulnar groove, the neck of the fibula). The eyelid margins, the cartilage of the nasal tip, the free edge of…

…Procedure Insertion of the laryngeal mask 1. Check the mask, remove air from the cuff so that it is flat with a slightly upturned leading…

…the left ventricle is many times larger than the vector generated by the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of left ventricular…

…the orifice is flat, which is often not the case for the valves. For example, a closed aortic valve assumes the shape of a cone…

…media and bloggers questioned LDL, dietary fat and statins Popular blogs and media reach out to billions of individuals worldwide. They exert enormous influence over…

…25 to 29.9 Obese : 30 and above Limitations of BMI Despite its widespread use, BMI has several limitations: It does not distinguish between fat…

…population measure that performs poorly at the level of the individual: it does not distinguish muscle from fat and takes no account of fat distribution…

…flap. Propagation may be antegrade or, less commonly, retrograde. Distal re entry tears may allow blood to return to the true lumen, whereas disruption of…

…affects the right ventricle. ARVC is defined by the gradual loss of myocardial cells, which are replaced by fat and fibrous tissue. This process begins…

…The focus of infection on the flap is called vegetation. As a rule, some kind of damage to native (own) valves is required to become…

…report. A shave biopsy of a pigmented lesion that turns out to be a melanoma can make the Breslow thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible…

…the aortic lumen and the haematoma and without a visible intimal flap or false lumen. It is commonly attributed to rupture of the vasa vasorum…

…even in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, though those with depressed ejection fraction should receive it with great caution due to the risk of hypotension…

…of Cardiac Amyloidosis Demographic and Clinical Context Cardiac amyloidosis should be suspected in patients older than 65 years presenting with heart failure and increased left…

…dietary interventions than with low fat control diets. In one trial of patients with previous myocardial infarction, the Mediterranean intervention involved greater consumption of fruits…

…utility is frequently limited by its inability to distinguish between muscle mass and various fat depots, or to identify the precise location of excess adiposity…

…profibrotic mediators. Perinephric fat is associated with hypertension and blood pressure variability, while obesity and hypertension together promote left ventricular hypertrophy and kidney injury. The…

…indicative of obesity or excess abdominal adiposity. Ethnic specific thresholds are lower or otherwise modified in some populations. Cardiometabolic mechanisms Visceral and ectopic fat are…

…a bloodless field one works by feel, and by feel nail spicules are left behind — which is the commonest cause of recurrence. Indications Condition Procedure : …

…in tendinitis and epicondylitis . Higher doses than these add nothing documented but increase the risk of skin and fat atrophy. Lederspan states in addition that…

…factors—high LDL cholesterol, cigarette smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus—disturb endothelial function and favour the accumulation of fat, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts and extracellular…

Cardiology Endocrinology & metabolism Definition and pathophysiology Hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) is defined by an increased concentration of circulating triglycerides. Both fasting and non fasting measurements provide prognostic…

…left lateral decubitus position. This affects images obtained in apical windows (refer to Standard Transthoracic Echocardiogram: Complete Imaging Protocol). Nevertheless, there are obvious benefits of…