Articles & courses

Articles
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Holter ECG

…and irregular ventricular rate (oscillometric measurement becomes unreliable), lymphoedema or a dialysis fistula in both arms, an arm circumference too large for the available cuffs…

Arterial line

…s phenomenon, thromboangiitis obliterans. An arm with an AV fistula or with planned vascular access for dialysis. Previous vascular surgery in the area. Coagulopathy and…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…with a high BMI, and that the deltoid injection is placed too high — which causes the shoulder injury known as SIRVA. Both are avoided with…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…venous cannula: Infection, burns or trauma at the puncture site. An arm with an arteriovenous fistula, previous axillary clearance or lymphoedema. A limb with paresis…

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: quick reference

…a Dieulafoy lesion, angiodysplasia, malignancy and an aortoenteric fistula. Variceal bleeding generally has a higher early mortality than non variceal bleeding [1,2]. Upper gastrointestinal…

Abscess incision and drainage

…function Orthopaedic or hand surgeon, urgently Perianal and perirectal Often larger than it appears; risk of fistula Surgeon, often operative management Breast Cosmesis, milk ducts…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…Remove socks and any compression stockings. Avoid measuring the arm pressure on the side with a dialysis fistula, lymphoedema after axillary clearance or a recently…

Coronary Anomalies and Myocardial Bridging

…termination of the coronary arteries. They include anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA), coronary fistulae, and myocardial bridging. Although many are clinically silent…

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