…acute angle take off, and an intramural course. An anomalous left coronary artery is less common but more malignant than an anomalous right coronary artery…

…a dialysis fistula. Preparation and equipment Hand disinfection; gloves where there is a risk of blood contact. An alcohol or chlorhexidine swab. Let the skin…

…venous cannula: Infection, burns or trauma at the puncture site. An arm with an arteriovenous fistula, previous axillary clearance or lymphoedema. A limb with paresis…

…function Orthopaedic or hand surgeon, urgently Perianal and perirectal Often larger than it appears; risk of fistula Surgeon, often operative management Breast Cosmesis, milk ducts…

…and irregular ventricular rate (oscillometric measurement becomes unreliable), lymphoedema or a dialysis fistula in both arms, an arm circumference too large for the available cuffs…

…s phenomenon, thromboangiitis obliterans. An arm with an AV fistula or with planned vascular access for dialysis. Previous vascular surgery in the area. Coagulopathy and…

…a Dieulafoy lesion, angiodysplasia, malignancy and an aortoenteric fistula. Variceal bleeding generally has a higher early mortality than non variceal bleeding [1,2]. Upper gastrointestinal…

Procedurer The ankle brachial index is the cheapest and most accessible method of objectively demonstrating peripheral arterial disease, and it is needed more often than…