…into ventricular fibrillation (VF). Proarrhythmia, defined as a drug induced or drug exacerbated cardiac arrhythmia, constitutes a major clinical problem. It can manifest as an…

…pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent signs of acute organ damage or failure. Any of the drugs listed below may…

…pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent signs of acute organ damage or failure. Any of the drugs listed below may…

…Management Definition and Clinical Characteristics Torsades de pointes (TdP) represents a multifactorial clinical entity typically associated with drug induced long QT syndrome (DI LQTS) [1]…

…at high risk of developing a new event. Administration Ticagrelor can be administered with or without food. For patients who cannot swallow the tablets whole…

…Go through the medication and any herbal preparations carefully — drug induced liver injury is the commonest cause of acute liver failure in the Nordic countries.

…product concurrent drugs, alcohol and illicit substances weight, age, pregnancy and comorbidity renal and hepatic function regular medication and drug dependence epilepsy or previous seizures…

…Figure 1). Below follows a drug manual for use in the CCU (coronary care unit), ICU (intensive care unit) or ER (emergency room). Careful electrocardiographic…

…Figure 1). Below follows a drug manual for use in the CCU (coronary care unit), ICU (intensive care unit) or ER (emergency room). Careful electrocardiographic…

…The precise mechanism of contrast induced AKI is incompletely defined. In many cases, the renal injury probably represents acute tubular necrosis arising from the combined…

…receptors and induces vasodilatation in the coronary, renal, cerebral and mesenteric vessels. Few Dopamine — intermediate dose Cardiogenic shock. Vasodilatory shock. Heart failure, acute or chronic…

…acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock can present de novo in pregnant women without pre existing heart disease, such as in peripartum cardiomyopathy, or secondary…

CPR It is commonly stated that approximately 80% of all cardiac arrests are caused by acute or chronic coronary artery disease, with the latter being…

…process. A broad spectrum of pharmacologic agents can induce bradycardia or conduction disorders. These include beta blockers, non dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, antiarrhythmic drugs (amiodarone…

…preparedness Moderate to severe aortic stenosis without symptoms Individual assessment Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with outflow tract obstruction Caution Tachyarrhythmia or bradyarrhythmia Rate control first Blood pressure…

…the treatment. Commonly, patients with bradycardia have a strong indication for drugs that aggravate or cause bradycardia (e.g. beta blockers in heart failure). In…

…of 1318 Human Drugs Ranked by Risk of Drug Induced Cardiotoxicity Using FDA Labeling . Drug Discovery Today. 2023. DICT = Drug induced cardiotoxicity Trade Name…

Nicardipine Drug Nicardipine Brand names Cardene ® Indications Hypertension, hypertensive emergency/crisis. Pregnancy induced hypertension. Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Mechanism of action Nicardipine is…

…food allergies, insect stings, and drug induced reactions. Approximately 90% of anaphylactic cardiac arrests present with pulseless electrical activity (PEA) as the initial rhythm, while…

…clearance must be assessed prior to initiation and monitored continuously during therapy. Hypokalemia is a significant risk factor for drug induced torsades de pointes; therefore…

…any. Treatment of atrial tachycardia Discontinuation of digoxin is typically sufficient in patients whose atrial tachycardia is induced by the drug. Management of all other…

Nitroprusside Drug Nitroprusside Brand names Nipride ®, Nipride RTU ®, Nitropress ®. Indications Pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure. Angina pectoris. Hypertension, hypertensive crisis/emergency. Pulmonary…

…Caution • Clonidine may induce severe hypotension. • Clonidine is not recommended in most patients with severe cardiovascular disease or in those who are otherwise haemodynamically unstable…

…this demographic on a global scale. Numerous substances possess the potential to induce cardiac arrest or cause profound cardiopulmonary depression. Table 1 delineates substances for…

…sympathetic stimulation, including tachycardia. May therefore induce or worsen angina pectoris. The rapid reduction of afterload is desired in conditions requiring afterload reduction. Time to…

…tolerance and require higher doses, alternatively nitroprusside to achieve desirable blood pressure lowring effect. Drug Nitroglycerin Brand names Gonitro ®, Minitran ®, Mylan nitro ®…

…complex pharmacokinetics that profoundly influence its dosing strategies. The drug is slowly and incompletely absorbed after oral administration, with systemic bioavailability ranging from 25% to…

…pathways that possess long conduction times or decremental conduction properties. Furthermore, adenosine binds to four types of receptors. Binding to A2A receptors induces coronary vasodilation…

…or simply QTc interval. The primary hazard lies in long QTc intervals because they induce a very unstable polymorphic ventricular tachycardia referred to as torsade…

…repeated measurements Hypertension requiring at least four antihypertensive drugs despite control Hypertension with spontaneous or diuretic induced hypokalaemia Hypertension with an adrenal incidentaloma Hypertension associated…

…may induce Brugada syndrome in individuals with underlying genetic susceptibility. If ECG changes consistent with Brugada syndrome develop during treatment with flecainide, the drug must…

…and create a highly prothrombotic endothelial surface. Furthermore, AF induces a systemic hypercoagulable state, characterized by elevated biomarkers such as D dimer, von Willebrand factor…

…principally by neointimal hyperplasia. Contemporary DES combine a metallic scaffold, a polymeric or polymer free drug delivery system, and an antiproliferative agent. Their development has…

…individualized within the applicable guideline framework. Combination therapy is based on the complementary mechanisms of drugs from different classes. By acting on more than one…

Clevidipine Drug Clevidipine Brand names Cleviprex ® Indications Hypertension and hypertensive emergency. Treatment of postoperative hypertension. Mechanism of action Ultra short acting calcium channel blocker…

Esmolol Drug Esmolol Brand names Brevibloc ® Indications Short term control of ventricular rate (including perioperative tachycardia) and hypertension (including hypertensive emergency, perioperative hypertension). Mechanism…

Fenoldopam Drug Fenoldopam Brand names Corlopam ® Indications Short term management of hypertension, including hypertensive emergency. Mechanism of action • Systemic Dopamine 1 (D1) receptor agonist…

Labetalol Drug Labetalol Brand names Trandate ® Indications Mycoardial ischemia. Hypertension. Hypertensive emergency, including in pregnancy. Postoperative hypertension. Mechanism of action Combined beta adrenergic and…

Metoprolol Drug Metoprolol Brand names Dutoprol ®, Kapspargo ®, Lopressor ®, Lopressor Hct ®, Toprol ®, Seloken ® Indications Mycoardial ischemia. Perioperative hypertension. Mechanism of…

…pheochromocytoma Treatment of hypertension associated with pheochromocytoma; treatment of dermal necrosis after extravasation of drugs with á adrenergic effects. Phentolamine doses and administration in hypertension…

…target — the nasal cannula stays in place for days without anyone asking why, or the patient at risk of carbon dioxide retention is given 15…

…inflammatory drugs Corticosteroid therapy Other antiplatelet or antithrombotic drugs Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Patient selection Aspirin should not be prescribed routinely to individuals without established…

…who are markedly larger or smaller than average. Higher doses may be required in the critically ill patient. Intravenous antibiotics Drug eGFR 90 60 89…

…the patient on anticoagulants; see the acute stroke quick reference. Stopping the drug and forgetting to restart it after the procedure. Document the restart date…

…and change to an infusion or injections Drugs for type 2 diabetes in inpatients Agent The acutely ill inpatient : : Metformin Stop in acute kidney injury…

…individual variations in its effect. Drug Enalaprilat Brand names Vasotec IV ® Indications Hypertension and hypertensive emergency. Acute left ventricular failure. Mechanism of action Enalaprilat…

…Record DrugBank Record Abarelix Plenaxis Classified as QT prolonging drug in DrugBank. No data on QT prolongation or risk of torsade de pointes in PubMed…

…microvascular dysfunction, or combinations of these mechanisms. Drug selection can therefore be tailored to the suspected mechanism. No antianginal class has demonstrated consistent superiority for…

…lower incidence with drug eluting stents (DES) than with bare metal stents (BMS). Clinical ISR is generally defined by recurrent symptoms or ischaemic events attributable…

…not delay reperfusion. 5. Give aspirin if acute coronary syndrome is likely and aortic dissection or active major bleeding is not suspected. 6. Call the…

…cerebellar or brainstem infarction, haemorrhage, drug toxicity, demyelination HINTS plus by a trained examiner if nystagmus is present, neurological examination, gait and truncal stability Acute…

…Parenteral thiamine early , preferably before or at the same time as carbohydrate administration. 3. Rapid identification of seizures, delirium tremens, infection, trauma and metabolic disturbance…

…adverse drug effects. Wide variability between measurements. Hypertension in pregnancy. Contraindications There are no absolute contraindications. Refrain or adapt in atrial fibrillation with a rapid…

…to a drug, insect venom or another non food allergen 2. Acute airway, respiratory or circulatory compromise after exposure to a known or probable allergen…

…and in people under 18 years of age, where iso BMI or percentile charts should be used. Waist circumference Measure the waist between the lowest…

…the stable patient Drug Situation Comment : : : Beta blocker (metoprolol) First choice in most cases The IV dose is titrated slowly. Caution in acute heart failure…

…and use drugs only in severe agitation or marked distress. Delirium is an acute neuropsychiatric syndrome and a clinical diagnosis, often described as acute brain…

…interruptions and early defibrillation are what determine the outcome; drugs are given without pausing the compressions. Anaphylaxis Intramuscular adrenaline into the lateral thigh is the…

…with intravenous drugs. Such treatment has not been shown to improve the prognosis and can cause hypotension, acute kidney injury, myocardial ischaemia or cerebral hypoperfusion…

…markedly raised blood pressure without acute organ damage should as a rule not be lowered rapidly with intravenous drugs. Restart or optimise oral treatment and…