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Cardiac arrest due to pneumothorax

…in healthy individuals, a tension pneumothorax arises when the volume of air is substantial enough to compress the superior and inferior vena cava, impeding or…

Capnography (end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, ETCO2) during cardiac arrest

…it is advised to use ETCO2 trends over time rather than single measurements. ETCO 2 should not be the sole determinant for terminating CPR or…

Arterial line

…argument for a superficial, compressible vessel. Allen's test is still used in many units to assess the collateral circulation, but the test does not…

Central venous catheter

…The need for central access is not in itself an indication for emergency insertion in an unstable situation: intraosseous access or a large bore peripheral…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…is a ladder — compression, cautery, anterior packing — and each step presupposes that the previous one has been done properly. Indications Ongoing epistaxis that has not…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…same compression applied to a limb with arterial insufficiency can cause necrosis and, in the worst case, amputation. The decisive step is therefore not the…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…medicine Procedurer Definition and Pathophysiology Cardiac tamponade is a life threatening clinical syndrome in which increased intrapericardial pressure compresses the heart and impairs ventricular filling…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…and it is needed more often than it is used — not only in claudication, but before every compression treatment of a leg ulcer and as…

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection

…of cases in the pregnancy related source material. Types 2 and 3 are diagnostically more challenging because they may not display the classic double lumen…

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Holter ECG

…does not tolerate repeated compression (for example marked thrombocytopenia). Set up and instructions Choose the cuff according to arm circumference ; a cuff that is too…

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