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Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…Continued bleeding despite compression and cautery (packing). Contraindications Cautery: Type Contraindication : : Absolute The source of bleeding cannot be identified Relative A pacemaker or ICD when…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…Unna boot), or a class 2–3 compression stocking. Tape measure for ankle circumference — this governs the choice of material and bandaging technique. Procedure Assessment…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…or measure at the toe instead. Marked pain that prevents the patient from tolerating compression. Preparation and equipment Equipment: a handheld Doppler probe 5–10…

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Holter ECG

…the higher pressure, or the non dominant arm if the values are equal. Check against a manual measurement and document the difference. Programme measurements every…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…not the skin. Aspiration needle (iliac crest or sternal needle with stylet) and a Jamshidi type biopsy needle. Syringes: a small 5–10 mL syringe…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…with a fine needle and 5 minutes of compression. Anticoagulant treatment is not in itself a bar to vaccination. Relative: Lymphoedema or previous axillary clearance…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and Electrocardiographic Criteria

…of the chest or the epigastrium and occasionally radiates to the arms. Less common sites of radiation include the abdomen, back, lower jaw, and neck…

ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and ECG Criteria

…is the central chest or epigastrium. Radiation may occur to one or both arms and less commonly to the abdomen, back, neck or lower jaw…

Unstable Angina: Definition and Contemporary Management

…by cardiomyocyte necrosis and cardiac troponin release meeting the criteria of the universal definition of MI. Clinically, UA is defined by one or more of…

What is the difference between cardioversion and defibrillation for arrhythmias?

…affect success, but active compression of the pads lowers defibrillation thresholds and improves success, and maximum fixed energy shocks outperform low escalating energy protocols. Note…

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