…the limb), a manual manometer, plastic film or a dressing to protect an ulcer, and where needed a photoplethysmograph and a toe cuff. Preparation: The…

…the lower limbs. Patients frequently have concomitant coronary, cerebrovascular or other peripheral arterial disease, and management should therefore address the entire arterial circulation. PAD is…

…Unna boot), or a class 2–3 compression stocking. Tape measure for ankle circumference — this governs the choice of material and bandaging technique. Procedure Assessment…

…Diabetes with neuropathy or peripheral arterial disease — a risk of osteomyelitis and poor healing. Check the ankle brachial index and the foot status before any…

…waves. The transducer is held with one hand and its position and angle are adjusted to send ultrasound waves through structures to be visualized. Ultrasound…

…of the vena cava can be accomplished using a wedge board (or any hard material) to tilt the body 15 to 30° to the left…

…be confused with a venous access. Indications Continuous blood pressure monitoring in haemodynamic instability or during ongoing vasoactive treatment. Conditions in which blood pressure must…

…the patient does not feel the pressure sore. Preparation and equipment Material Comment : : Stockinette Innermost against the skin, protects against the edges of the cast…

…Injection Needle Angle Maximum volume per site : : : : Deltoid, adult 23–25 G, 25 mm 90° 1–2 mL Deltoid, BMI 35 or a large arm…

…Conversely, apparently mild lesions may rupture and precipitate myocardial infarction or sudden death. Coronary anatomy must therefore be interpreted within the broader clinical and physiological…