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Otoscopy and ear syringing

…A small or uncooperative child Movement causes injury Preparation and equipment Otoscopy: an otoscope with a charged battery and clean disposable specula in several sizes…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…caused by stenosis or occlusion of the aorta or arteries supplying the limbs. In adults over 40 years of age, atherosclerosis is the predominant cause…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…in with the needle stings. Needles of the correct length (see the table), a syringe of the correct size, a sharps bin. For vaccination: adrenaline…

Arterial line

…Preparation and equipment Arterial catheter, usually 20 G in an adult; a smaller size in children. A set with an integrated guidewire (Seldinger technique) helps…

Endotracheal intubation

…cm) : : : Adult woman 7.0–7.5 21 Adult man 7.5–8.0 23 Child, cuffed tube age/4 + 3.5 tube size × 3…

Laryngeal mask and difficult airway

…inflate and are chosen on weight alone. When in doubt between two sizes in an adult: choose the larger , since a mask that is too…

Lipoprotein(a): Measurement and Clinical Implications

…Measurement Who should be tested? Current recommendations support measuring Lp(a) at least once in every adult’s lifetime. Testing is particularly relevant in: individuals…

STEMI: Fibrinolysis, Indications, Contraindications and Rescue PCI

…restoration of coronary blood flow to the infarct zone, thereby limiting infarct size and preserving myocardial function. The benefit of reperfusion is strongly time dependent…

Cardiac tumors

…perivalvular (adjacent to the valves), etc. Cardiac tumors cause nonspecific symptoms that depend on the size of the tumor, localization, hemodynamic effects and possible impact…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…C, non HDL C and apoB are usually correlated, but discordance may occur when particles differ in cholesterol content or size. In such cases, cardiovascular…

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