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Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…Indications Condition Procedure : : Acute paronychia with fluctuance or visible pus Incision and drainage Acute paronychia without pus formation Antibiotics and soaks alone Ingrown nail with…

Oesophageal ECG

…ECG can never achieve, and makes it visible even when it lies buried in the QRS complex or the T wave. The whole value of…

The QRS complex: ECG features of the Q-wave, R-wave, S-wave & duration

…S wave. However, all three waves may not be visible and there is always variation between the leads. Some leads may display all waves, whereas…

Sudden cardiac arrest: Case 6

…Although the signal in the upper lead appears very disorganized, there are visible QRS complexes. The signal in the lower lead shows that the rhythm…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…°C. The outer limit of the ice front is only at 0 °C — the lethal temperature lies some way inside the visible ice front , and…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…Indications Ongoing epistaxis that has not stopped spontaneously. Recurrent bleeding from a visible vessel on the septum (cautery). Continued bleeding despite compression and cautery (packing…

Paracentesis

…Scars, hernia or visible abdominal wall collaterals (caput medusae) Puncture at least a few centimetres away from them Full bladder Have the patient void, or…

Acute Aortic Syndromes: Intramural Haematoma and Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer

…haemorrhage within the aortic media without an identifiable communication between the aortic lumen and the haematoma and without a visible intimal flap or false lumen…

Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis from Fatty Streak to Plaque Rupture

…abruptly and without preceding warning. Initiation and progression of the fatty streak The earliest visible lesion is the fatty streak, produced by the accumulation of…

Assessment of Pacemaker Malfunction

…Figure 3. Failure to capture. The pacemaker paces in the atrium but P waves are not visible, suggesting that the atria are not depolarized. Figure…

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