…immune mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) that include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis, vasculitides, mixed connective tissue disease, myositis…

…Neoplasms (particularly breast and lung cancer). Inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and rheumatic fever. Aortic dissection rupturing into the pericardium…

…premature menopause and subsequent hypertension or diabetes are insufficient to support firm conclusions. Systemic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis…

…stenosis Calcification of the mitral valve Complications to radiation therapy Mucopolysaccharidosis Carcinoid tumor Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Iatrogenic stenosis after mitral valve…

…wide range of local and systemic conditions may cause pericarditis. The most common causes are as follows: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Acute…

…bronchospasm or severe cough hypotension, collapse, impaired consciousness or new onset marked weakness rapidly progressive symptoms from several organ systems severe abdominal pain or repeated…

CPR Sepsis induced cardiac arrest Sepsis is a life threatening condition characterized by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and hypoperfusion manifesting…

…action • Systemic Dopamine 1 (D1) receptor agonist. • Lowers blood pressure while maintaining or increasing kidney perfusion. Effects Dopamine 1 receptor agonists lower systemic blood pressure…

…the ratio of pulmonary blood flow (Qp) to systemic blood flow (Qs). This measurement is pivotal in diagnosing and managing congenital or acquired cardiac shunts…

…circulation. The reduction in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is rapid and may cause reflex sympathetic stimulation, including tachycardia. May therefore induce or worsen angina pectoris…

…and incompletely absorbed after oral administration, with systemic bioavailability ranging from 25% to 65% and minimal hepatic first pass extraction. Following a single oral dose…

…Although epicardial coronary arteries are a major site of disease, atherosclerosis is systemic and may affect multiple arterial territories. The arterial wall is biologically active…

…PAD), and other manifestations of systemic atherosclerosis. The principal clinical concern is cerebral embolism or haemodynamic compromise leading to transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke…

…or physical reactions (radiation therapy), frequently involves the conduction system. In these conditions, involvement of the AVN and the conduction system occurs more often than…

…patients exhibit hypotension—often with a systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg—accompanied by signs of poor vital organ perfusion or frank shock states…

…a manifestation of systemic arterial disease rather than an isolated disorder of the lower limbs. Patients frequently have concomitant coronary, cerebrovascular or other peripheral arterial…

…driver of global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, primarily due to its association with ischemic stroke and systemic embolism. The contemporary understanding of AF has evolved…

…increases. This results in increased left ventricular load, while simultaneously affecting systemic perfusion. Aortic stenosis is a serious condition with poor long term outcomes. Patients…

…when heat production or acquisition surpasses the body's capacity for heat elimination. Hyperthermia can induce an inflammatory state similar to the Systemic Inflammatory Response…

…cardiovascular societies, defines HF as a clinical syndrome corroborated by elevated natriuretic peptide levels and/or objective evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion [3] . Within…

…disproportionate response to increased ventricular loading. The presence of systemic hypertension or aortic stenosis does not rule out hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Epidemiological aspects of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy…

…consciousness, or when NIV is being considered. 4. Give short acting bronchodilators. 5. Give a systemic corticosteroid if the exacerbation is more than mild. 6…

…a severe or life threatening attack. 6. Give a systemic steroid early. 7. Insert intravenous access, but do not let blood sampling or cannulation delay…

…instrumental removal: Suspected penetrating injury or an intraocular foreign body — shield the eye with a rigid shield, give systemic antibiotics and contact an ophthalmologist urgently…

…with inotropic and vasopressor effects, and they often need to be combined in order to optimise or correct the haemodynamics. Most agents exert both vasopressor…

…cancer, chronic cardiac or pulmonary disease, a pulse ≥ 110/min, a systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg and a saturation < 90 per cent. An…

…treatment effect and of disease progression. Assessment of pulmonary involvement in systemic disease, for example rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma, and during treatment with pulmonary toxic…

…cells and has little or no effect on myocardial contractility or conduction. Clevidipine reduces mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) by decreasing systemic vascular resistance (SVR…

…defined as significantly elevated blood pressure (systolic pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent signs of acute organ damage or failure…

…the heart pumps and the resistance encountered in the systemic circulation. Therefore, alterations in heart rate, stroke volume, or vascular tone can significantly impact MAP…

…Edema. Dizziness. Caution Should be used cautiously in patients with myocardial ischemia and/or heart failure. Nicardipine doses and administration in hypertension (hypertensive crisis/emergency).

…Unprotected Left Main Disease : Increases complexity and risk. Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) : Indicates systemic atherosclerosis. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) : Associated with higher perioperative risk…

…CKD). These agents interfere with the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II…

…hypotension Heart rate and tachycardia Respiratory rate and oxygenation Evidence of systemic congestion or acute RV failure Syncope or altered clinical status Comorbid cardiopulmonary disease…

…failure Systemic inflammatory disease Catheter based electrophysiological and structural cardiac procedures In patients with acute pericarditis, tamponade is uncommon when the cause is viral or…

…Dietary composition may influence blood pressure, glucose–insulin homeostasis, lipids and apolipoproteins, endothelial function, systemic inflammation, liver fat synthesis, adiposity, thrombosis and coagulation, cardiac function…

…cannot be pursued. Patients receiving digoxin may present with symptoms of digitalis toxicity, which manifests across multiple organ systems. Non cardiac symptoms include headache, nausea…

…ventricular filling and reduce systemic output. In this setting, venous congestion is generally treated initially with diuretics, whereas norepinephrine and/or inotropes are reserved for…

…overcome by the ventricles. The left ventricle must overcome the pressure in the aorta and systemic circulation (normally 120 mmHg in adults). The right ventricle…

…between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. The clinical history should therefore be examined for potential physiological or systemic stressors, with treatment directed at the precipitating…

…imbalance, direct myocardial injury, systemic illness, structural heart disease, or several mechanisms acting simultaneously. Acute myocardial infarction Acute myocardial infarction requires: Acute myocardial injury, demonstrated…

…The severity of right ventricular involvement should be considered when inferior infarction is accompanied by disproportionate systemic venous congestion, hypotension, or evidence of low output…

…coronary blood flow may produce myocardial ischaemia, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), or, rarely, sudden cardiac death. SCAD differs pathogenetically from atherosclerotic type…

…occurred The extent and degree of myocardial involvement The anatomical territory, including anterior, inferoposterolateral or right ventricular involvement Pre existing abnormalities such as prior infarction…

…accompany numerous cardiac and systemic disorders, including: Cardiac causes Systemic causes Heart failure Sepsis Myocarditis Chronic kidney disease Cardiomyopathy Stroke or subarachnoid haemorrhage Takotsubo syndrome…

…atherosclerosis or may be the dominant cause of ischaemia. Other mechanisms capable of obstructing coronary arteries include embolism, dissection, coronary arteritis associated with systemic vasculitis…

…Typical features include a lipid rich core, a thin fibrous cap, macrophage and foam cell accumulation, expansive or positive remodelling, neovascularization, plaque haemorrhage, adventitial inflammation…

…cavity and affect heart valves that have some kind of damage, change or degeneration. Endocarditis with alpha streptococcus is most often subacute and can develop…

…defined as significantly elevated blood pressure (systolic pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent signs of acute organ damage or failure…

…overcome by the ventricles. The left ventricle must overcome the pressure in the aorta and systemic circulation (normally 120 mmHg in adults). The right ventricle…

…mediated fibroproliferative response to endothelial injury [2] . The process initiates with endothelial dysfunction, a state provoked by systemic risk factors such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, smoking…

…right ventricle, the left ventricle contracts against much greater resistance (i.e. the pressure in the systemic circulation), and therefore it faces the highest workload;…

…argue for the operating theatre rather than the emergency room: a very large or deep abscess, a markedly unwell patient with fever and systemic upset…

…apply to the anti inflammatory effect. They say nothing about the mineralocorticoid effect or about suppression of the HPA axis, where a long half life…

Kardiologi Akutsjukvård Lathundar Key message The distinction that determines management is: is there acute hypertension mediated organ damage or not? A single blood pressure value…

…Septic phlebitis, ongoing soft tissue infection with systemic involvement. Relative: Condition Adaptation : : ABI 0.5–0.79 Reduced compression (20–30 mmHg) under vascular surgical…

…TIA or systemic thromboembolism and initiate treatment with anticoagulants (rarely with antiplatelet agents). CHADS VASc predicts the risk of thromboembolism (stroke, TIA, systemic thromboembolism) in…

…Increases systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and pulse pressure with minimal effect on CO. Minimal chronotropic effect. Increases coronary blood flow. Atrial or ventricular arrhythmias Bradycardia…

…systemic hypertension, and concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms Acute chest and/or back pain is the predominant symptom of both IMH and…

…distal to the suspected obstruction Arterial and venous Doppler signals Evidence of systemic disease or a potential embolic source Neurological assessment is central to triage…