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Liver parameters

…upper limit of normal: paracetamol poisoning, ischaemic hepatitis ("shock liver") or acute viral hepatitis. The three are distinguished by the history and the speed of…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…syndrome and a clinical diagnosis, often described as acute brain failure. It is precipitated by somatic illness, drugs, poisoning, withdrawal, surgery or several concurrent factors…

Urinary alkalinisation

…is disputed and practice differs between units. Poisoning with other weak acids where the poison control centre recommends it, for example certain phenoxy acid herbicides…

Transcutaneous and transvenous pacing

…when every pacing spike is followed by a wide QRS complex and a pulse that can be felt. The other predictable error is forgetting that…

Hyponatraemia: quick reference for work-up and correction

…breathing and circulation. 2. Assess the neurological symptoms and at the same time exclude other acute causes, for example hypoglycaemia, poisoning, stroke, meningitis and a…

Oxygen therapy

…for the cause instead. Conditions in which the highest possible oxygen concentration is given irrespective of the saturation Carbon monoxide poisoning. The pulse oximeter does…

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal

…serious poisonings in which the patient reaches hospital early. The benefit of both methods falls steeply with the time since ingestion, and both can harm…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…treatment protocols that are available where you practise. Initial management of all poisonings ABCDE Step Assessment and action : : A Assess the airway, the pharyngeal reflexes…

Cardiac arrest in intoxication (poisoning)

…essential to provide supportive care and maintain vital functions artificially until the substance undergoes renal elimination, hepatic elimination or is removed by means of dialysis…

Nasogastric tube

…direct instillation into the lung. No tube may be used before its position has been verified by an approved method, and auscultation is not such…

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