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Cardiac arrest in intoxication (poisoning)

…solution (NaCl) if suspected of toxin exposure. Gastrointestinal lavage is infrequently employed due to aspiration risks and inconclusive evidence. However, in cases of iron, lithium…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…glaucoma (tonometry). Contraindications Absolute contraindications to instrumental removal: Suspected penetrating injury or an intraocular foreign body — shield the eye with a rigid shield, give systemic…

Foreign body in the ear and nose

…battery is an emergency — it can cause perforation in seven hours. Indications Every foreign body in the ear canal or the nasal cavity must be…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…it to the length of the nasal cavity. 2. Introduce it perpendicular to the face and then parallel to the floor of the nose in…

Otoscopy and ear syringing

…Recurrent otitis externa in which the wax retains moisture. Contraindications Absolute contraindications to irrigation: A known or suspected perforation of the tympanic membrane — including a…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…Risk assessment should be individualized. There are no absolute contraindications to coronary angiography in the general sense; the decision depends on balancing the expected diagnostic…

No-Reflow Phenomenon During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Prevention and Treatment

…severity may be disproportionate to the angiographic appearance of the treated epicardial artery, because the defining abnormality is inadequate distal perfusion in the absence of…

Corticosteroids: quick reference for dose equivalents and stress dosing

…with longer treatment and risk factors, according to the guideline Hyperglycaemia Glucose measurement, above all in the afternoon and evening. See the quick reference on…

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal

…of vomiting has no place in the modern treatment of poisoning. Charcoal also does not bind every poison. With the following substances charcoal is ineffective…

Post-Infarction Mechanical Complications: Ventricular Septal, Free-Wall, and Papillary Muscle Rupture

…infarction (STEMI). The principal lesions are: Ventricular septal rupture (VSR), producing an acute left to right shunt. Ventricular free wall rupture, producing haemopericardium and cardiac…

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