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Ezetimibe: Place in Therapy and Expected LDL-C Reduction

…Definition and pharmacological basis Ezetimibe is a non statin lipid lowering agent that inhibits the Niemann–Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) transporter in the intestine…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…It is calculated as: Non HDL C = total cholesterol − HDL C Apolipoprotein B (apoB) reflects the concentration of circulating atherogenic particles because each apoB…

Lumbar puncture

…how the patient is positioned, which needle is chosen, and that the tubes go to the right place. In suspected bacterial meningitis it is the…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…in the same way as on the arm. 4. Posterior tibial artery — behind the medial malleolus. Measure. 5. Repeat on the other leg. If the…

Inclisiran and Emerging Lipid-Lowering Agents

…other LDL C lowering drugs, when additional LDL C reduction is required, including in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. The…

Pediatric aspects of ECG leads & anatomy

…ECGs in pediatric patients is slightly different from adults, due to obvious anatomical differences. There are, however, no differences regarding the ECG grid. As in…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…sides and on which the patient's head can hang over the end. A pillow to place under the shoulders as an alternative to a…

Transcutaneous and transvenous pacing

…lead is in place — but only if it is working, and the commonest source of error is believing that it is. Twitching of the chest…

Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac tamponade

…effusion is detected randomly (for example, in CT, MRI, echocardiography). In other cases, the effusion is detected under more dramatic circumstances, as is the ca

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…or other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint prosthesis in the adjacent joint. Known hypersensitivity to the…

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