Procedurer Catheterisation is straightforward in most patients and dangerous in a few. The male urethra is about 25 cm long with two curves and a…

…recent years ( Figure 2 ). The chain of survival is only as strong as its weakest link, which means that all components of the chain must…

Cardiology Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Thromboembolism Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and a profound driver of global cardiovascular morbidity and…

…cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome) is a rather peculiar and certainly acute condition. Much research has been devoted to it in recent years. Most cases (70%…

…the morning within a few hours of awakening. Pain is the most common presenting complaint. The pain is deep and visceral, frequently described as heavy…

…most textbooks in the field. However, contemporary data suggest that the current figure is approximately 60%. The discrepancy between traditional figures and recent studies is…

…guidelines. Hence, this chapter will present the most recent evidence and recommendations for the evaluation and treatment of chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). Ischemic heart disease…

…guidelines. Hence, this chapter will present the most recent evidence and recommendations for the evaluation and treatment of chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). Ischemic heart disease…

…their use is limited by specific adverse effects. Most of these adverse events are related to the suppression of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS…

…pandemic. Indeed, a growing body of evidence suggests that heart failure is now the most frequent complication of diabetes ( Shah et al, McMurray et al )…

Prepare for clinical practice and the Cardiology Board Exam with our comprehensive quiz, designed based on the most recent AHA, ACC, and ESC guidelines. The…