…The pericardial space (cavity) always contains a small amount of serous fluid which acts as a lubricant that prevents friction during ventricular contraction and relaxation…

…technically correct performance is only half the task. The examination must be preceded by information about each step, take place with the patient's ongoing…

…the stomach to be decompressed and tolerate higher pressures. Lubricant on the dorsal surface of the mask, a syringe for the cuff in the models…

…silicone for nutrition, since it causes less mucosal irritation with longer term use. A water soluble lubricant, preferably with a local anaesthetic, and a decongestant…

…sterile gauze, sterile water for the balloon, a drainage bag and a catheter valve, and lubricant containing a local anaesthetic (lidocaine gel) in a pre…

…12 lead ECG machine able to print at 100 mm/s . A sterile oesophageal electrode, usually with colour coded connectors (red and black) and a…