…volume. The EDPVR curve shows that the left ventricle can withstand large pressure increases but at a certain threshold, pressure rises rapidly with further volume…

…the only absolute indication, and always urgent. A large pericardial effusion with symptoms despite medical treatment. Diagnostic drainage in suspected purulent pericarditis, tuberculosis or malignancy…

…Large variations in velocities recorded within a single sample volume indicate turbulent flow; the ultrasound machine is programmed to depict such flows with green color…

…recording the transfusions, the sampling, the incoming products and contact with the blood bank. 3. Secure large bore access, or rapid central access, but do…

…is usually associated with poor ventricular function and lower QRS amplitudes. Hypertrophy and dilatation may coexist. Moreover, the ECG cannot distinguish whether large QRS amplitudes…

…fraction of left ventricular volume ejected per beat and of ventricular end diastolic and residual volumes. Experimental and clinical observations with a precordial dilution technic…

…fluid or blood products. Contrast medium for CT (this requires a large bore cannula in a suitable vein). Standby access in a patient at risk…

…in healthy individuals, a tension pneumothorax arises when the volume of air is substantial enough to compress the superior and inferior vena cava, impeding or…

…example during mechanical ventilation or severe metabolic derangement. Major surgery with expected blood loss or large volume shifts. Patients in whom non invasive measurement is…

…Indications Acute urinary retention. Chronic urinary retention with renal impairment or a large residual volume. A need for accurate measurement of urine output in a…