Echocardiography Cardiac thromboembolism Thromboembolism is a leading cause of death worldwide (1). Emboli originating in the atria, left atrial appendage (LAA), ventricles, valves, and proximal…

…uterus should be manually displaced to the woman's left side (Figure 1). Additional offloading of the vena cava can be accomplished using a wedge…

…DR, Gallegos JJ, Jesty SA, et al. Use of CPR in hemorrhagic shock, a dog model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 81:27 33 …

…the left atrial appendage (LAA). The LAA is a highly trabeculated, windsock like embryonic remnant that exhibits uniquely low flow velocities during the loss of…

…followed by disruption of the intima. Intramural haematoma differs from classic dissection because haemorrhage occurs within the media without imaging evidence of an intimal tear…

…with or without left ventricular hypertrophy. Among patients with NSTE ACS undergoing angiography, approximately 10% have no critical epicardial stenosis. In some of these patients…

…saccular aneurysm. Symptomatic isolated lesions may represent early periulcer haemorrhage or developing IMH and carry greater risk of progression or rupture than asymptomatic lesions. Predisposing…

…target organ damage. Common manifestations are hypertensive encephalopathy, intracerebral haemorrhage, acute coronary syndrome, acute left ventricular failure with pulmonary oedema, acute aortic syndrome, acute kidney…

…smooth surface and a nucleus that often exhibits cavities, which consist of hemorrhages in the tumor. Polypoid myxoma usually causes haemodynamic complications due to obstruction…

…a large bore cannula in a suitable vein). Standby access in a patient at risk of rapid deterioration. Intraosseous access: Cardiac arrest where venous access…

…a traumatic hemorrhage can deplete intravascular volume to such an extent that chest compressions fail to generate stroke volumes. Consequently, addressing reversible causes of cardiac…

…of developing an atherothrombotic event. Contraindications Hypersensitivity to the active substance or any excipient. Active bleeding. Previous intracranial hemorrhage. Severe liver impairment. Concurrent administration of…

…the active substance or any of the excipients. Active pathological bleeding , such as gastrointestinal bleeding or intracranial hemorrhage. History of stroke or transient ischemic attack…

…acute hemorrhage, cough, defecation, laugh, micturition, sneeze, swallow, and postprandial states. In some instances, patients may present with adenosine sensitive syncope, a subtype of reflex…

…JE, Gwyther R, Kirkman E. Closed chest compressions reduce survival in an animal model of hemorrhage induced traumatic cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2019;140: 37 42…

…type of oral anticoagulant used. Studies have shown that it performs similarly or superiorly to other bleeding risk assessment tools, such as HEMORR2HAGES, ATRIA, ORBIT…

…exist for patients with AF, including HAS BLED, HEMORR2HAGES, and ORBIT scores. Each incorporates various clinical parameters to stratify bleeding risk. HAS BLED: Incorporates factors…

…Buller H, Lip GY. Performance of the HEMORR₂HAGES, ATRIA, and HAS BLED bleeding risk prediction scores in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing anticoagulation: the AMADEUS…

…with ECG, central vein catheter and intra arterial catheter (A line) is warranted. Overview of vasopressors and inotropes Inotropes and vasopressors. Table 1. Drug manual…

…with ECG, central vein catheter and intra arterial catheter (A line) is warranted. Overview of vasopressors and inotropes Inotropes and vasopressors. Table 1. Drug manual…

Akutsjukvård Kirurgi & trauma Lathundar Immediate management In massive haemorrhage it is rapid control of the bleeding that determines the outcome. Transfusion restores circulating volume, oxygen…

…cell salvage, haemorrhage control) planned in advance. A history of a severe transfusion reaction: contact transfusion medicine before transfusing again. Preparation and equipment Compatibility testing…

…be accompanied by haemorrhage into the plaque. The diagnosis is supported by the general criteria for acute MI together with evidence of acute coronary atherothrombosis…

…haemorrhage into the plaque through the disrupted surface. Type 2 MI: Attributed to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand, without the presence of…

…coagulopathy. Severe uncontrolled hypertension. Recent intracranial haemorrhage without a fresh assessment of benefit and risk. An inability to attend for sampling and follow up — relative…

… intraplaque haemorrhage; adventitial inflammation; spotty calcification. Nevertheless, the presence of these features does not imply inevitable clinical disruption. Fewer than 5% of thin capped fibroatheromas…

…large side to side difference may suggest aortic dissection CT of the brain Exclude intracerebral haemorrhage and assess early ischaemic changes CT angiography The standard…

…but only if the examiner is trained. Brief attacks triggered by the position of the head relative to gravity: perform Dix Hallpike and, if needed…

…the last dose, the renal function and the severity of the bleeding 7 Manage antiplatelet drugs according to their indication. Do not routinely stop aspirin…

…during ongoing vasoactive treatment. Conditions in which blood pressure must be kept within narrow limits: aortic dissection, intracerebral haemorrhage, after cardiac arrest. Repeated blood gases…

…of consciousness immediately. 2. Check oxygen saturation and capillary glucose. 3. Exclude immediately treatable threats without delay: hypoxia, hypoglycaemia, circulatory failure, sepsis, stroke, intracranial haemorrhage…

…must never delay it. Indications Suspected meningitis or encephalitis. Suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage with a normal or non diagnostic CT. Suspected neuroborreliosis, neurosyphilis or another CNS…

…by increased serious gastrointestinal bleeding and a non significant increase in cerebral haemorrhage. Bleeding outcomes The principal harm of aspirin in primary prevention is bleeding…

…microvascular injury occurs, classically involving fibrinoid necrosis of small arteries in the kidneys, retina, and brain. Its clinical retinal signature includes flame haemorrhages, cotton wool…

…DR, Gallegos JJ, Jesty SA, et al. Use of CPR in hemorrhagic shock, a dog model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 81:27 33 …

…DR, Gallegos JJ, Jesty SA, et al. Use of CPR in hemorrhagic shock, a dog model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016;81:27 33…

…the heart Trauma Tuberculousis Neoplasms (cancer) Post cardiac surgery (hemorrhagic pericarditis). Symptoms of acute pericarditis/myocarditis There are two forms of pericarditis: acute and chronic…

…DR, Gallegos JJ, Jesty SA, et al. Use of CPR in hemorrhagic shock, a dog model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 81:27 33 …