…the context of pregnancy, hypovolemia and other etiologies of hypotension remain the predominant causes of cardiac arrest. Should cardiac arrest occur postpartum, hemorrhage must be…

…where needed, coagulation expertise at the same time [1]. Activate the local major haemorrhage protocol early. Protocols improve above all the logistics, the communication and…

…saccular aneurysm. Symptomatic isolated lesions may represent early periulcer haemorrhage or developing IMH and carry greater risk of progression or rupture than asymptomatic lesions. Predisposing…

…dissection CT of the brain Exclude intracerebral haemorrhage and assess early ischaemic changes CT angiography The standard investigation in acute stroke to identify large vessel…

…points in the epicardial coronary arteries. Early lesions may undergo positive or compensatory remodelling, in which the vessel enlarges outward before a major reduction in…

…Initial post mortem observations in the late 19th century first linked thrombotic occlusion of a coronary artery with myocardial necrosis. Although early clinical descriptions emerged…

…penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, aortic pseudoaneurysm and traumatic aortic injury. In classic dissection, an intimal tear permits blood to enter the diseased aortic media. Blood then…

…on call early. In cirrhosis or suspected variceal bleeding, also contact a gastroenterologist with hepatology expertise 9 Activate the local major haemorrhage protocol in uncontrolled…

…systole. Transesophageal echocardiography and surgical pathology demonstrate that over 90% of thrombi in non valvular AF originate within this specific anatomical cul de sac [19] …

…JE, Gwyther R, Kirkman E. Closed chest compressions reduce survival in an animal model of hemorrhage induced traumatic cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2019;140: 37 42…

…et al. A new risk scheme to predict warfarin associated hemorrhage: the ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) study. J Am Coll Cardiol…

…used in the following situations: Hypersensitivity to the active substance or any of the excipients. Active pathological bleeding , such as gastrointestinal bleeding or intracranial hemorrhage…

…chest compressions. Hemorrhages, either manifesting externally or concealed internally, account for approximately half of all traumatic cardiac arrests. In the absence of evident hemorrhage, potential…

…bedside echocardiography. This reveals pericardial fluid, suggesting hemorrhage in the context of cardiac arrest cases. Highly echogenic fluid indicates that the blood has coagulated, making…

Echocardiography Cardiac thromboembolism Thromboembolism is a leading cause of death worldwide (1). Emboli originating in the atria, left atrial appendage (LAA), ventricles, valves, and proximal…

…management of modifiable risk factors. The HAS BLED score has demonstrated moderate predictive abilities for bleeding risks in AF patients, regardless of the type of…

…Lip GY. Performance of the HEMORR₂HAGES, ATRIA, and HAS BLED bleeding risk prediction scores in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing anticoagulation: the AMADEUS study. J…

…Contraindications Hypersensitivity to the active substance or any excipient. Active bleeding. Previous intracranial hemorrhage. Severe liver impairment. Concurrent administration of ticagrelor with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors…

…Increased pulmonary blood flow. Ventricular arrhythmias Severe hypertension resulting in cerebrovascular hemorrhage Cardiac ischemia Sudden cardiac death Prolonged use may be cardiotoxic. Isoproterenol Bradycardia (first…

…Increased pulmonary blood flow. Ventricular arrhythmias Severe hypertension resulting in cerebrovascular hemorrhage Cardiac ischemia Sudden cardiac death Prolonged use may be cardiotoxic. Isoproterenol Bradycardia (first…

…and orthostatic stress. Situational triggers such as acute hemorrhage, cough, defecation, laugh, micturition, sneeze, swallow, and postprandial states. In some instances, patients may present with…

Akutsjukvård Psykiatri Lathundar Delirium in older adults: quick reference A quick reference for ward and on call physicians: recognise hypoactive delirium, stabilise the patient, work…

…tranexamic acid, cell salvage, haemorrhage control) planned in advance. A history of a severe transfusion reaction: contact transfusion medicine before transfusing again. Preparation and equipment…

…by increased serious gastrointestinal bleeding and a non significant increase in cerebral haemorrhage. Bleeding outcomes The principal harm of aspirin in primary prevention is bleeding…

…trauma, burns or status epilepticus when peripheral access fails or is judged futile. Children in an emergency, where peripheral venous access often takes too long…

…smooth surface and a nucleus that often exhibits cavities, which consist of hemorrhages in the tumor. Polypoid myxoma usually causes haemodynamic complications due to obstruction…

…is defined by a markedly raised blood pressure in combination with new or progressive acute target organ damage. Common manifestations are hypertensive encephalopathy, intracerebral haemorrhage…

…pressure monitoring in haemodynamic instability or during ongoing vasoactive treatment. Conditions in which blood pressure must be kept within narrow limits: aortic dissection, intracerebral haemorrhage…

…the right place. In suspected bacterial meningitis it is the time to antibiotics that saves the patient — the puncture must never delay it. Indications Suspected…

…Pregnancy in the first trimester and close to delivery (embryopathy and fetal bleeding respectively). Marked liver failure with coagulopathy. Severe uncontrolled hypertension. Recent intracranial haemorrhage…

…most important dangerous differential diagnosis. Clear focal neurological findings are absent in roughly half of patients with a central cause. A normal routine neurological examination…

…upper reference limit (URL). It is considered acute when there is a rise and/or fall in cTn values. An elevated cTn alone does not…

…a thin fibrous cap, macrophage and foam cell accumulation, expansive or positive remodelling, neovascularization, plaque haemorrhage, adventitial inflammation, and spotty calcification. However, the concept has…

…intoxication, or other sympathomimetic exposure, including methamphetamine. Abrupt withdrawal of antihypertensive medication, particularly clonidine, can also precipitate a hypertensive crisis. Pregnancy Hypertensive emergencies in pre

…cardiac massage in trauma shock. J Trauma 1989; 29:1430 3 . Jeffcoach DR, Gallegos JJ, Jesty SA, et al. Use of CPR in hemorrhagic shock…

…hemorrhagic shock, a dog model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016;81:27 33. Wallmuller C, Meron G, Kurkciyan I, et al. Causes of in…

…ECG changes and clinical features The pericardium is a double walled sac in which the heart and the roots of the great vessels are contained…

…cardiac massage in trauma shock. J Trauma 1989; 29:1430 3 . Jeffcoach DR, Gallegos JJ, Jesty SA, et al. Use of CPR in hemorrhagic shock…