…stricture or a known diverticulum Relative Recent nasal or pharyngeal surgery Signs that should raise the suspicion of a base of skull fracture: periorbital bruising…

…The contralateral side of the septum already cauterised — bilateral cautery carries a risk of perforation Anterior packing: Suspected base of skull fracture or a significant…

…surgery of the nose, pharynx or oesophagus. Marked nausea, anxiety or communication difficulties that prevent the patient from cooperating. Suspected base of skull fracture or…

…digital block Anaesthetise from the dorsal aspect, one injection medial and one lateral to the base of the phalanx, 2–3 mL on each side…

…control of the bleeding. Activate the protocol in Activation must be based on an overall assessment, not on a single threshold value. The combination of…

…ISR remains the most frequent cause of PCI failure, despite its substantially lower incidence with drug eluting stents (DES) than with bare metal stents (BMS)…

…leads generally indicates very severe ischemia [15]. A key distinguishing feature of ischemic ST elevation is the presence of prominent reciprocal ST depression [4]. Furthermore…

…precipitating state resolves. The distinction is therefore not based on the BP value alone: Feature Hypertensive emergency Hypertensive urgency BP Often ≥180/110 mmHg; no…

…dislodgement, lead fracture or inadequate myocardial contact. It may also be due to the low amplitude (voltage) of the potentials generated by activated myocardium. Functional…

…becomes and the greater the risk of chondral and neurovascular injury. Aim for reduction within a few hours. Contraindications A fracture dislocation requiring operative treatment …