…the arrhythmia first. Known stricture or tumour of the nose, pharynx or oesophagus. Oesophageal varices. Recent surgery of the nose, pharynx or oesophagus. Marked nausea…

…an occluded nasal passage Relative Oesophageal varices or recent oesophageal or gastric surgery Relative Marked coagulopathy or ongoing epistaxis Relative Oesophageal stricture or a known…

…with a reduced level of consciousness Gastric lavage Corrosive injury or suspected oesophageal perforation Gastric lavage Petroleum products Gastric lavage Oesophageal varices, coagulopathy, recent oesophageal…

…happens when the first attempt fails. Desaturation and unrecognised oesophageal intubation are the two mechanisms that kill patients during airway management , and both are predictable…

…one, a cuff manometer. A videolaryngoscope with both a Macintosh like and a hyperangulated blade, and a stylet shaped to match the hyperangulated blade. A…

…and equipment Continuous core temperature measurement. An oesophageal probe or a urinary catheter with a temperature sensor are the first choice; rectal or intravascular measurement…

…select a safe disposition and diagnostic strategy. Only a minority of patients presenting with acute chest pain ultimately have ACS; reported rates are generally 5…