Procedurer What determines the outcome of a central venous catheter insertion is decided before the needle goes in: the choice of site, the use of…

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Intravascular imaging comprises catheter based techniques that directly visualize the coronary lumen, vessel wall, plaque, thrombus, and implanted…

…Procedurer Definition and Clinical Role Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is a catheter based investigation that visualizes the coronary arterial tree after selective intracoronary contrast injection…

…contrast media are injected selectively into the epicardial coronary arteries through a catheter advanced from a peripheral artery to the aortic root and coronary ostia…

…in investigating right ventricular load. Pressure in the right atrium (right atrial pressure) With the PA catheter (Swan Ganz catheter), the right atrial pressure can…

…drawstring, absorbable alternatives (oxidised cellulose, a gelatin–thrombin matrix), a balloon catheter, or petroleum jelly impregnated ribbon gauze. Antibiotic ointment (for example mupirocin or bacitracin)…

…and haemodynamic monitoring with ECG, a central venous catheter and an arterial line is necessary to achieve an optimal result. Overview of vasopressors and inotropes…

…are introduced, although the effect on 24 hour mortality is uncertain and the evidence for non traumatic bleeding is weaker [2,3,4]. Do the…

…dose are according to the local protocol. Alternatives when there is a contraindication: catheter directed treatment or surgical embolectomy where available. A vasopressor (noradrenaline) and…

…longer procedures and with epidural anaesthesia. Bladder washout and continuous irrigation in macroscopic haematuria with clots (a three way catheter). Instillation therapy and contrast studies…