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Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…compression. Infection in the skin overlying the puncture site. Previous pelvic irradiation on the intended side (yields fibrotic, unrepresentative marrow — choose the other side). A…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…electrolytes can be interpreted, but some laboratories do not accept marrow blood in their analysers — check locally. Contraindications Peripheral venous cannula: Infection, burns or trauma…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…haematological malignancy, stem cell transplantation, immunosuppressive drugs, radiotherapy, bone marrow failure and certain targeted cancer treatments. Fever is not obligatory Hypothermia, new confusion, tachypnoea, hypotension…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…compression. The reason compression nevertheless so often fails is that it is done wrongly: the patient pinches the nasal bone instead of the soft part…

Liver parameters

…steatohepatitis or viral hepatitis. An isolated raised ALP — check the GGT. A normal GGT shifts the suspicion to bone, pregnancy or malignancy. A markedly raised…

🟠 BMI and Body Surface Area (BSA) calculator

…does not distinguish between fat, muscle, and bone mass. It does not indicate the types or distribution of body fat. It may not be accurate…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…ECG, selective vascular imaging Traumatic or toxic syndrome Onset after trauma, a change in medication or an exposure Concussion, temporal bone injury, dissection, aminoglycoside toxicity…

Coronary CT Angiography and CAD-RADS Reporting

…at multiple angles. Tissue attenuation is expressed relative to water in Hounsfield units. Bone is highly attenuating, air has very low attenuation, and blood and…

Casting and immobilisation

…comes after the injury, not before — and that an edge or a fold presses on a bony prominence until the skin breaks down. An acute…

Central venous catheter

…make sure that never happens, and to make sure the catheter does not become the patient's next focus of infection. Indications Infusion of vesicant…

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