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Endotracheal intubation

Procedurer What determines the outcome of an emergency intubation is rarely the laryngoscopy itself but what was done before it: how well the patient was…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…far enough forward that the head will extend beyond the end of the couch when laid down. 2. Turn the head 45° to the right…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…Acute transmural myocardial infarction. Rupture of the free ventricular wall. Neoplasms (particularly breast and lung cancer). Inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint prosthesis in the adjacent joint. Known hypersensitivity to the preparations…

Mitral valve stenosis

…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Iatrogenic stenosis after mitral valve surgery Myxoma obstructing outflow from the left atrium Atrial thrombus obstructing atrial outflow Endocarditis Hemodynamic consequences of…

Pulmonary regurgitation

…s arteritis Iatrogenic (e.g complication of catheterization) Congenital dysplasia/aplasia of the pulmonary valve Idiopathic pulmonary artery dilation Pulmonary regurgitation results in right ventricular…

Spirometry

…lung disease. Follow up of treatment effect and of disease progression. Assessment of pulmonary involvement in systemic disease, for example rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma, and…

Cardiovascular Risk in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disease

…family history of premature coronary disease, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia did not fully explain the excess coronary risk. Rheumatoid arthritis RA is associated with increased carotid…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and pathophysiology Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women worldwide and in the United States. In the…

Joint aspiration

…surgeon under strictly sterile conditions. For corticosteroid injection there is an additional absolute contraindication: the slightest suspicion of septic arthritis. If the picture is unclear…

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