…terminal half life of 26 to 107 days (mean 53 days, with most patients in the 40 to 55 day range). Because of this prolonged…

…repeated at 2 6 weeks intervals, or more frequently, as individually appropriate. 3 Important study: Milrinone as Compared with Dobutamine in the Treatment of Cardiogenic…

…3 4,4% 4 7,3% 5 12,4% 6 16,1% 7 23,4% 8 26,8% 9 14 35,9% References Morrow DA…

…Staging of chronic kidney disease Stage eGFR Description : : : G1 ≥ 90 Normal or high G2 60–89 Mildly reduced G3a 45–59 Mildly to moderately reduced…

…ostia. It remains the reference standard for defining the extent of coronary artery disease because it provides anatomical information while permitting functional assessment and, when…

…fraction (LVEF) of ≤40% [14, 26, 27] . Recent guideline updates have introduced critical nuances to HF terminology to reflect the dynamic nature of myocardial remodeling…

…all patients. Achieving 70% of age adjusted MHR resulted in perfusion defects in 89% of patients, anginal symptoms in 26% and ECG changes in 47%.

…or a rise of at least 26.5 µmol/L Below 0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 to 12 hours 2 2.0 to…

…L) — choose the subcutaneous route if possible, otherwise give IM with a fine needle and 5 minutes of compression. Anticoagulant treatment is not in itself…

…Since 2022 the z score with a lower limit of normal at z = −1.64 (the fifth percentile) has been recommended in preference to…

…Method of interpretation Heart rate Heart rhythm The P wave The PR interval The QRS complex The ST segment The T wave The U wave…

…LINEAR METHOD Endocardial fractional shortening, % 27–45 22–26 17–21 <16 25–43 20–24 15–19 <14 Midwall fractional shortening, % 15–23 13…

…23 (13) 6–23 (14) 9–25 (15) 9–27 (17) 10–26 (17) 7–23 (15) 4 – 21 S wave in V6 (mm) 0…

…of which 74% were asystole and 26% were AV blocks. These findings should not be interpreted as representative of the population experiencing OHCA and IHCA…

…23 (13) 6–23 (14) 9–25 (15) 9–27 (17) 10–26 (17) 7–23 (15) 4 – 21 S wave in V6 (mm) 0…

…conventional hypertension threshold. The traditional diagnostic threshold of 140/90 mmHg derives from epidemiological observations associating pressures above this level with increased mortality. Contemporary management…

…area according to the continuity equation (cm²) ≤ 1 cm² ZTime velocity integral of the tricuspid inflow (cm) 60 cm Pressure half time (T ½,ms…

…5–2.3 2.4–2.6 2.7–2.9 3.0 1.5–2.3 2.4–2.6 2.7–2.9…

…valve area 3.0–4.0 cm² 3.0–4.0 cm² Grading of aortic stenosis: mild, peak velocity 2.6–2.9 m/s…

…early diastolic early diastolic holodiastolic Quantification of regurgitant jet Mild regurgitation Moderate regurgitation Severe regurgitation Jet width / LVOT width < 0,25 0,25 0…

…year risk of bleeding Low risk 0 3 0.8% Intermediate risk 4 2.6% High risk 5 or more 5.8% Interpretation of ATRIA…

…High 7.2 6 High 9.7 7 High 11.2 8 High 10.8 9 High 12.2 Table 1. Interpretation of CHADS VA…

…approximately 5% of presentations in some populations. Despite this relatively low prevalence, missed myocardial infarction remains consequential, and historically 2–6% of patients discharged with…

…of hyponatremia. Hypernatremia Hypernatremia does not cause cardiac arrest. Calcium imbalance Hypercalcemia Definition : P/S Ca 2+ 2.6 mmol/L In approximately 90% of…

Procedurer The result of a repair is determined before the first needle goes in. A wound that has not been irrigated clean, has not been…