Pre-excitation, Atrioventricular Reentrant (reentry) Tachycardia (AVRT) and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome: ECG, clinical characteristics and management Pre-excitation The atrioventricular node and bundle of His are normally…
Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry (Reentrant) Tachycardia (AVNRT): clinical features, mechanisms, ECG & management Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is a common tachyarrhythmia observed across all age…
Atrial rhythms: ectopic atrial rhythm, atrial tachycardia and multifocal atrial tachycardia Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT, or atrial tachycardia) arises when an ectopic focus within the…
Atrial flutter Atrial flutter is the second most common pathological tachyarrhythmia. Only atrial fibrillation is more common. Atrial flutter occurs almost exclusively among persons with…
Atrial fibrillation: definitions, causes, risk factors, ECG diagnosis and management Atrial fibrillation is the most common abnormal tachyarrhythmia (only sinus tachycardia is more common). The prevalence…
Sinus tachycardia: causes, ECG, normal variants & pathological variants Sinus tachycardia is the most common tachyarrhythmia (tachycardia). Sinus tachycardia is the result of an increased rate…
Sinus node dysfunction and sick sinus syndrome Sinus node dysfunction is an umbrella term for conditions that either affect the automaticity of the sinoatrial node…
Sinus bradycardia: ECG, causes & management Definition of sinus bradycardia Sinus bradycardia fulfills the criteria for sinus rhythm but the heart rate is slower than…
Definition of sinus arrhythmia (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) Sinus arrhythmia and respiratory sinus arrhythmia both refer to the same phenomenon. Sinus arrhythmia fulfill all criteria for sinus…
Sinus rhythm: the normal rhythm of the heart A rhythm is defined as three consecutive heartbeats with identical waveforms on the ECG. The similarity of…
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