…periods of rapid ventricular rate (Table 1). Children and healthy adults may also develop tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy (Gopinnathair et al). Long term prognosis is excellent…

…but the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Although sinus tachycardia is the most common tachyarrhythmia, it may not always be straightforward to diagnose…

Cardiology Introduction Ventricular tachycardia (VT) represents a complex and potentially lethal spectrum of cardiac arrhythmias that remains a formidable challenge in contemporary cardiovascular medicine. As…

…affected (i.e reduced) in virtually all cases. Ventricular tachycardia causes immense strain on the ventricular myocardium, simultaneously as the cause of the arrhythmia already…

…AVNRT is caused by reentry in the atrioventricular (AV) node Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is caused by a re entry within the atrioventricular node…

…that a tachyarrhythmia is established. Pacemaker mediated tachycardia on ECG Pacemaker beats are mostly easy to recognize on the ECG. Pacemaker stimulation generates a stimulation…

Info Antiarrhythmic drugs and management of ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation This manual presents recommendations for the management of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT, VF). It is primarily…

…complex. Brugada's algorithm If there is no RS complex in any chest lead (V1–V6) a diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia can be made. Otherwise…

…instead as an ectopic atrial rhythm (EAR) . Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) most commonly occurs in individuals with underlying structural or electrical heart disease. Less frequently…

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology ECG Rhythms arising near the atrioventricular node: junctional rhythm (escape rhythm) and junctional tachycardia In this article, you will learn about rhythms…

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology ECG Pre excitation, Atrioventricular Reentrant (reentry) Tachycardia (AVRT) and Wolff Parkinson White (WPW) syndrome: ECG, clinical characteristics and management Pre excitation The…

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology ECG Diagnosis and management of narrow and wide complex tachycardia All clinically significant supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias have been reviewed in previous…

Cardiology Antiarrhythmic drugs and management of ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation This manual presents recommendations for the management of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT, VF). It is primarily…

CPR ECG 1 . Sinus rhythm interrupted by ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG 2 . Spontaneous termination of ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG 3 . A single ventricular beat, followed…

Esmolol Drug Esmolol Brand names Brevibloc ® Indications Short term control of ventricular rate (including perioperative tachycardia) and hypertension (including hypertensive emergency, perioperative hypertension). Mechanism…

…Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. ECG 3 . Spontaneous termination of the ventricular tachycardia. ECG 4 . Recurrence and spontaneous termination of ventricular tachycardia. ECG 5 . Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia…

…result of tachyarrhythmia, bradyarrhythmia or asystole. The tachyarrhythmias include ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT). The bradyarrhythmias include all bradyarrhythmias, pulse less electrical…

…Coronary bypass grafting; history of arrhythmias. Medications : beta blockers ECG 1 . Sinus rhythm interrupted by ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG 3 . Ventricular fibrillation (VF). ECG 4…

…a ventricular premature beat. A ventricular tachycardia (VT) emerges. As evident, ventricular tachycardia may appear more polymorphic in one lead (the upper lead). ECG 2 …

…electrocardiogram (ECG), which predisposes the myocardium to a specific form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) known as torsades de pointes (TdP). Drug induced LQTS and…

…and usually causes transmural ischaemia. The resulting abnormalities in left ventricular function may lead to myocardial infarction, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or sudden cardiac death…

…relative to the cardiac cycle, since a shock delivered asynchronously on the T wave during ventricular tachycardia can precipitate ventricular fibrillation, whereas a synchronized shock…

…Generally, adenosine is considered safe for patients with narrow complex tachycardia (NCT). Adenosine typically causes a short lasting second or third degree AV block which…

…risk factors, ECG diagnosis and management Atrial fibrillation is the most common abnormal tachyarrhythmia (only sinus tachycardia is more common). The prevalence of atrial fibrillation…

…atrial flutter, and in selected cases of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Due to its profound pro arrhythmic effects and lack of compelling data regarding morbidity and…

…by impaired left ventricular systolic function. It should be noted that several types of cardiomyopathies ( e.g ischemic cardiomyopathy, tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, etc…

…are supraventricular beats during sinus rhythm. A brief run of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) occurs after the 4th beat. The VT terminates spontaneously after a…

…recorded simultaneously. Sex : Male Age : 43 years History : None Medications : None ECG 1 . Sinus rhythm interrupted by rapid ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG 2 . VT progressing…

…complexes with similar morphology as ECG 1, likely presenting a supraventricular rhythm. Three short bursts of ventricular tachycardia occur. ECG 3. Repeated bursts of VT…

…electrocardiogram (ECG) is of clinical importance. Diagnosis and management of ventricular tachycardia will be addressed in a separate chapter. The following arrhythmias are discussed in…

…Common clinical picture : : 4 to 12 hours Tremor, sweating, anxiety, insomnia, tachycardia, hypertension, headache, nausea and vomiting 8 to 24 hours Alcoholic hallucinosis, often visual…

…very rarely life threatening. Causes of tachyarrhythmia with wide QRS complexes (QRS duration ≥ 0.12 s): the commonest cause is ventricular tachycardia, which is a…

…energy and is difficult to terminate pharmacologically. Ectopic atrial tachycardia or SVT that has not been terminated by vagal manoeuvres, adenosine or rate controlling drugs…

…complex tachycardia where the P waves cannot be discerned on the surface ECG and the RP interval decides between AVNRT, orthodromic AVRT and atrial tachycardia…

…distended neck veins, muffled heart sounds Beck's triad; complete in a minority Tachycardia, tachypnoea, cold periphery Almost always Pulsus paradoxus above 10 mmHg A…

…failure. Caution • Used cautiously in patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine can cause reflex tachycardia. • Contraindicated in severe aortic stenosis due to risk of hypotension…

…Cardiac side effects Severity of cardiotoxicity Hyaluronic Acid HYALURONIC ACID HYALURONIC ACID NA no no ZYPREXA Relprevv OLANZAPINE PAMOATE Olanzapine pamoate Arrhythmia wp less tachycardia…

…Titrated at 15 minutes intervals. Maximum infusion dose: 1.6 μg/kg/minute Adverse effects Headache. Flushing. Tachycardia. Nausea. Hypokalemia. Increased intra ocular pressure…

…circulation. The reduction in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is rapid and may cause reflex sympathetic stimulation, including tachycardia. May therefore induce or worsen angina pectoris…

…Dose 5–15 mg/hour IV infusion. Higher doses (up to 30 mg/hour) may be required in some patients. Adverse effects Tachycardia. Headache. Flushing…

…action: 2 to 5 minutes Duration of action: 5 to 10 minutes. Adverse effects Headache (cerebral vasodilation). Tachycardia (due to reflex sympathetic activation). Nausea. Vomiting…

…minutes as necessary. Continuous infusion: Start infusion at 0.1 mg/min and increase in increments of 0.1 mg. Adverse effects Tachycardia. Flushing. Headache…

…de pointes, a specific form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia characterized by irregular (polymorphic) QRS complexes that appear to twist around the isoelectric baseline. The risk…

…Causes of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with wide QRS complexes (QRS duration ≥0,12 s) : ventricular tachycardia is the most common cause and it is potentially life…

…the loss of the atrial kick. The rapid ventricular response can lead to a reversible depression of systolic function. If the tachycardia persists, it is

…Conversely, asynchronous pacing may rarely result in pacing during ventricular repolarization and provoke ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. The likelihood of clinically significant EMI is…

…Rarely the condition is confined to the left ventricle. ARVC causes ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac arrest; the disease is one of the most common…

…Typically, atrial enlargement predisposes to atrial fibrillation/flutter and ventricular enlargement predisposes to ventricular tachycardia. The ECG is a useful tool for detecting hypertrophy/dilatation…

…elevation in the right precordial leads—and a propensity for life threatening polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with structurally normal…

…of the following symptoms: Syncope, pre syncope Ventricular tachycardia Ventricular fibrillation Cardiac arrest with or without sudden cardiac death Hence, the Brugada syndrome is a…

…Shockable rhythms (ventricular fibrillation [VF], ventricular tachycardia [VT]) are uncommon in hypoxic cardiac arrest, as evidenced by the fact that only 0.5% of all…

…Cold shower. Ice packs. Heat stroke ( 40°C) Neurological symptoms, confusion, convulsion, tachycardia, hypotension, coma. As above but with lower temperatures. Electrolyte replacement. Large infusions of…

…QT and QTc interval becomes prolonged. Arrhythmia Disopyramide may provoke or aggravate any ventricular arrhythmia, such as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, torsade de pointes etc)…

…All degrees of AV block. Sinus node dysfunction and tach brady syndrome. Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and torsade de pointes. Hypocalcemia Causes of hypocalcemia Acute…

…electrical disorder caused by mutations in cardiac ion channels) which predisposes the individual to syncope, ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation) and sudden cardiac death…

…AV node, bundle of His or the bundle branches. Tachycardia can cause AV blocks during or after the tachycardia episode. Under certain circumstances, bradycardia can…

…decreases and vice versa. The physiological purpose of this phenomenon is to allow for faster cardiac cycles during tachycardia (e.g during physical exertion). Therefore…

…system. Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (tachycardia): rapid arrhythmias due to impulses originating from the atria. Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (tachycardia): rapid arrhythmias due to impulses originating from the ventricles…

…person may have some circulation despite circulatory collapse (e.g., with sustained ventricular tachycardia). Experimental and clinical understanding of hypoxic neuronal cell death stems largely…

…fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and other tachyarrhythmias with discernible QRS complexes. Shockable rhythm : Tachyarrhythmias that can be treated with defibrillation (ventricular fibrillation) or cardioversion (ventricular tachycardia)…