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Eye examination and corneal foreign body

Procedurer The single most important step in any eye injury is to measure and document the visual acuity before anything else is done. The second…

Laryngeal mask and difficult airway

Procedurer The laryngeal mask is the single most important tool when intubation fails, since it restores oxygenation without requiring a view down into the larynx…

Physics of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT, PET): Radiotracers, perfusion, blood flow and viability

…PET In SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography), radiotracers emit gamma photons directly. These gamma rays are detected by gamma cameras to create tomographic images…

Blood pressure

…is not made on a single reading. It requires repeated measurements on at least two occasions, and preferably confirmation by home measurement or 24 hour…

🟠 Mean arterial pressure (MAP) calculator

…a single cardiac cycle, encompassing both systole and diastole. It is a critical parameter in cardiovascular physiology, providing insight into the perfusion pressure experienced by…

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging With SPECT and PET

…Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Clinical Purpose Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) is…

Hypertensive crisis: quick reference for acute blood pressure lowering

…acute hypertension mediated organ damage or not? A single blood pressure value does not define a hypertensive emergency. Even a blood pressure above 220/120…

Sudden cardiac arrest: Case 4

…Sinus rhythm interrupted by ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG 2 . Spontaneous termination of ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG 3 . A single ventricular beat, followed by a three…

Blood transfusion and massive haemorrhage

…the bedside. The check against the patient's own identity immediately before transfusion is the single most important safety measure in the entire chain. In…

Urinary alkalinisation

Procedurer Alkalinising the urine increases the excretion of weak acids by keeping them in a charged form in the tubular fluid, where they cannot be…

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