…morbidity and mortality. Their incidence has increased in parallel with older maternal age at first childbirth and the rising prevalence of obesity. Gestational hypertension is…

…non invasive ventilation. Inadequate ventilation with a rising pCO₂ and respiratory acidosis, or a markedly increased work of breathing with impending exhaustion. Threatened airway obstruction…

…a rising blood pressure with bradycardia. A known or suspected intracranial space occupying lesion with mass effect and midline shift. Ongoing anticoagulant treatment or marked…

…ascites — always. Every admission of a patient with known ascites. Clinical deterioration in a cirrhotic patient with ascites: fever, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, rising creatinine, gastrointestinal…

…regional poison control centre for advice on the treatment threshold and on whether haemodialysis should be considered. Rhabdomyolysis with marked elevation of CK and threatened…

…segment elevation, immediate reperfusion assessment is required. Patients with NSTE ACS should be admitted for management of acute ischaemia. Those with possible ACS, a non…

…stroke volumes. Failure to increase cardiac output sufficiently will result in the following compilations: Pulmonary edema develops due to rising LAP and LVEDP. Cardiogenic shock…

…is hypoxaemic. Oxygen is not a treatment for dyspnoea as such and must not be given uncontrolled simply because the patient feels breathless. Excessive oxygen…

…Do not wait for the blood gas result before starting treatment. Clinical assessment History that affects the level of risk Ask briefly and to the…

…ECG changes at any level Immediate emergency treatment, continuous ECG monitoring and early assessment of the need for dialysis ECG changes or serious neuromuscular symptoms…