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Cardiovascular Risk in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disease

…that include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis, vasculitides, mixed connective tissue disease, myositis, Sjögren syndrome, gout and antiphospholipid…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…Turn the head 45° to the right. 3. Support the head and lay the patient quickly into the supine position with the head extended approximately…

Spirometry

…up of treatment effect and of disease progression. Assessment of pulmonary involvement in systemic disease, for example rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma, and during treatment with…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…note that the right ventricular free wall is being compressed by the fluid. Video source.gif). ECG changes caused by pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade…

Endotracheal intubation

…cervical collar, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis MACOCHA is validated for the intensive care patient and totals 12 points: Mallampati III–IV (5 points), obstructive sleep…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…compression The ankle brachial index measured with Doppler determines whether compression may be applied at all, and if so at what pressure. Palpable foot pulses…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…premature menopause and subsequent hypertension or diabetes are insufficient to support firm conclusions. Systemic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis…

Mitral valve stenosis

…artery (LAD) and the left circumflex artery (LCX), whereas the posteromedial papillary muscle receives blood supply from either LCX or the right coronary artery (RCA…

Pericarditis, myocarditis & perimyocarditis: ECG, criteria & treatment

…a wide range of local and systemic conditions may cause pericarditis. The most common causes are as follows: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE…

Tricuspid stenosis

…severity. Tricuspid stenosis is visually characterized by thickened leaflets, with reduced motion and potentially fused commisures. Continuous Doppler is used to assess the stenosis. Doppler…

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