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Gastric lavage and activated charcoal

…in which the patient reaches hospital early. The benefit of both methods falls steeply with the time since ingestion, and both can harm the patient…

Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens: quick reference

…activity. When the alcohol level suddenly falls, the compensatory excitation remains, producing tremor, sympathetic activation, hallucinations, seizures and delirium [1,6]. Repeated withdrawal episodes can…

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Holter ECG

…too large for the available cuffs, and in a patient who does not tolerate repeated compression (for example marked thrombocytopenia). Set up and instructions Choose…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…and the incidence is particularly high after hip fracture, major surgery and intensive care [1,2]. The condition is associated with falls, aspiration, pressure sores…

Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…In heavy smokers, cardiovascular risk falls within five years of stopping but may remain elevated thereafter. The overall health benefit is greater still when reductions…

Inpatient insulin therapy: quick reference

…needed around the clock. A continuous infusion or repeated doses, according to the local protocol Renal failure The insulin requirement falls . Reduce the dose and…

Blood pressure

…hypertension is not made on a single reading. It requires repeated measurements on at least two occasions, and preferably confirmation by home measurement or 24…

Acute severe asthma in adults: quick reference

…Reassess speech, work of breathing, level of consciousness and air entry repeatedly. 9. Measure PEF or FEV1 if the patient can manage it without delaying…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…is highly likely, antibiotics must be given immediately [3]. This quick reference applies chiefly to adults with neutropenia related to cancer treatment. Children, pregnant women…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…claudication, the ankle pressure is measured immediately after treadmill walking or after repeated heel raises. A fall of ≥ 20 % after exercise confirms peripheral arterial disease…

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