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In-Stent Restenosis: Mechanisms and Treatment

…In stent restenosis (ISR) is recurrent narrowing within a previously implanted coronary stent. It represents a form of arterial hyperplastic disease arising after percutaneous coronary…

Antiplatelet Therapy in Secondary Prevention After Myocardial Infarction

…MI) encompasses long term interventions intended to reduce recurrent infarction, ischaemic stroke, cardiovascular death, and progression of atherosclerotic disease in patients with established coronary or…

De-escalation and Shortened Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients at High Bleeding Risk

…plus a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor. In the setting of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), DAPT is used to reduce recurrent myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and other…

Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Myocardial Viability Assessment and Revascularization

…recurrent MI, ventricular arrhythmias, or a large burden of hibernating myocardium. Evaluation and physical examination The assessment should establish three complementary features: The severity of…

Risk Factor Modification: The Evidence Base for Primary Prevention

…reduce recurrent events and mortality. Risk factor modification is therefore directed at identifying individuals at increased risk and reducing exposure to established, modifiable determinants of…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…or recurrent pain [1,3,4]. This quick reference gives internationally established doses. Drug availability, thrombolysis regimens, renal function thresholds and the division of work…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…Recurrent bleeding from a visible vessel on the septum (cautery). Continued bleeding despite compression and cautery (packing). Contraindications Cautery: Type Contraindication : : Absolute The source of…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…a bloodless field one works by feel, and by feel nail spicules are left behind — which is the commonest cause of recurrence. Indications Condition Procedure : …

Oesophageal ECG

…A recurrent unclear wide or narrow complex tachycardia in which the mechanism needs to be documented before referral to an arrhythmia unit. Assessment of the…

Otoscopy and ear syringing

…ear discharge or pain on contact with water. A history of ear surgery in which the middle ear may be open (a mastoid cavity, mastoidectomy)…

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