…set a lower goal regarding workload (e.g. reaching 70% of maximal pulse instead of 85%). Many patients appreciate the exercise test because it offers…

…jet reaching liver veins Additional quantitative parameters Mild regurgiation Moderate regurgitation Severe regurgitation Jet size < 5cm² 5 10 cm² 10 cm² size vena cava…

…node dysfunction is an umbrella term for conditions that either affect the automaticity of the sinoatrial node or block the impulse from reaching the atria…

…on the slit lamp, or a hand held device (iCare, Tono Pen). Procedure Systematic examination 1. Visual acuity in each eye separately , with the patient…

…RVD 2), cm 2.7–3.3 3.4–3.7 3.8–4.1 4.2 Base to apex length (RVD 3), cm 7…

…lung, fat, and skin, with myocardial concentrations reaching 10 to 50 times those found in plasma. Plasma clearance is low, renal excretion is negligible, and…

…that the atrioventricular node does, and this means that any impulse reaching the accessory pathways may travel directly to the ventricles without any delay. Hence…

…of severe regurgitation; the leakage usually ends early in diastole, which is evident by the spectral curve reaching the baseline before the end of diastole.

…and inspection of the nail bed, with suture of any nail bed laceration Contraindications There are no absolute contraindications, but be cautious and consider referral…

…arch without involvement of the ascending aorta or represents retrograde extension from the descending aorta into the arch that stops before reaching the ascending aorta…

…However, the term PSVT does not have any clinical relevance and it may lead to misunderstanding. Use of the term PSVT is therefore not recommended…

…Electrophysiology). The electrical impulse propagates through the atria via the internodal pathways and Bachmann's bundle, eventually reaching the atrioventricular (AV) node. Here, conduction is…

…threats, or any situation in which the individual's life is (or perceived as it is) in danger. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is much more common in…

Referensvärden A diagnosis of hypertension is not made on a single reading. It requires repeated measurements on at least two occasions, and preferably confirmation by…

…easy to trust too much. Two errors make the reading useless without anyone noticing: the transducer is at the wrong height , and the system is…

…shift. For decades, the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity was siloed, with clinicians focusing primarily on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reduction, blood…

…ventricle counteracts by developing hypertrophy. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy implies left ventricular hypertrophy under normal loading conditions. Recommended reading Ventricular Pressure Volume Relationship: Preload, Afterload, Stroke Volume…

…alcohol, a missed meal, physical activity and any other precipitating factor. Thresholds The thresholds below are used above all in diabetes. The severity of the…

…similar. Unfortunately, these ECGs do not show any sign of early repolarization. Note that this paper has been cited almost 500 times since publication. It…

…to the ventricles and thus ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest. High degree AV block (second degree Mobitz type 2 AV block, third degree AV block)…