…Plain abdominal radiography has limited sensitivity. A calcified aneurysmal outline may be visible, but approximately one quarter of aneurysms are not calcified and therefore cannot…

…chest radiograph alone belongs to an earlier era. The needle is inserted close to the upper border of the rib, never at the lower border…

…With a glass injury: consider radiography, since glass is usually visible on plain films. Irrigation fluid: a copious volume of drinking quality tap water or…

…promptly, before radiography. The longer a joint remains dislocated, the harder the reduction becomes and the greater the risk of chondral and neurovascular injury. Aim…

…over a joint. Pain relief and stabilisation for transfer in a suspected fracture. Clinical suspicion of a scaphoid fracture despite a normal radiograph. Contraindications An…

…select a safe disposition and diagnostic strategy. Only a minority of patients presenting with acute chest pain ultimately have ACS; reported rates are generally 5…

…is pain free lying still but screams when turned has not finished being titrated. Expect an opioid naive adult to need 5–15 mg of…

…unstable pain: the onset takes 12 to 24 hours and the offset just as long. Breakthrough dose During ongoing opioid treatment: a breakthrough dose of…

…The evaluation of acute chest discomfort requires a systematic differential diagnosis, as the syndrome associated with ischemic heart disease is broader than chest pain itself…

…rare condition) In addition to these five conditions, there are numerous other causes of chest pain, but the other causes are either subacute or non…