…sedation and fewer adverse effects Digital nerve block The standard in finger dislocation Procedural sedation Propofol, ketamine or a combination. It requires a fasting history…

…A personal history of premature CAD, cerebral vascular disease or peripheral vascular disease. A family history of premature myocardial infarction, vascular disease or marked hypercholesterolaemia…

…index Asian ancestry Previous muscle disease or a personal or family history of muscle disorders Acute infection Renal or hepatic impairment Hypothyroidism Vitamin D deficiency…

…Clinical assessment History that affects the level of risk Ask briefly and to the point: When did the deterioration begin, suddenly or over several days…

…of medical suitability is made by the transplant team. Never rule out a possible donor on your own on grounds of age or medical history…

…60 minutes of triage or arrival. This is supported by international guidelines on neutropenic fever [2]. The direct evidence for exactly one hour in neutropenic…

…a person of the same age and sex CAC may also reveal extracoronary findings, including pericardial or aortic calcification, pericardial thickening, valvular calcification, and, in…

…for expanding the tampon. Topical tranexamic acid on a pledget or as a solution has a good effect in anterior bleeding. Raise the chair so…

…60 minutes. Each examination must be stored in a database, where the patient's personal identification number or equivalent is used for secure identification. If…

…anatomical complexity of CAD, particularly in patients with multivessel disease or left main coronary artery disease . It integrates multiple variables, including the number of lesions…

…not be handled routinely in primary care or in the emergency department without contacting the appropriate specialty: Location Risk Management : : : Medial triangle of the face …

…95 % of a healthy reference population, which means that one healthy value in twenty falls outside them . Order twelve tests in a healthy person and…

…year risk of ≥10% is considered sufficiently high to support BP lowering treatment, whether through lifestyle intervention, pharmacological therapy, or both. A person may also…

…whereas the arrhythmia is unusual among persons younger than 50 years of age. The overall prevalence in a Western population is 1.0% to 1…

…or days. In the vast majority of cases, the re entry circuit in atrial flutter is located in the right atrium and it typically loops…

…predictor of overall and cardiovascular mortality. The condition is very common among individuals with heart failure. Notably, beta blockers actually increase chronotropic competency in patients…

…required, in addition to the mealtime dose Never stop basal insulin in a person with type 1 diabetes , not even before fasting or an investigation…

…difficult or inadequate. The primary airway in cardiac arrest when the person ventilating is not experienced in intubation. Planned anaesthesia for short procedures in a…

…pressure. A value of around 0.9 to 1.0 or higher in an adult trauma patient suggests significant hypovolaemia and an increased transfusion requirement…

…due to dysfunction in the sinoatrial node is referred to as sinus node dysfunction (SND). If a person with ECG signs of SND is symptomatic…

…Fewer than half of patients with PAD have typical symptoms. Many have impaired walking or a slow gait without describing classic claudication. In older adults…

…on at least 2 days each week. Activities need not be undertaken in bouts of at least 10 minutes; shorter episodes also contribute to health…

…for various interventions involved in BLS and ACLS. Intervention BLS or ACLS NNT to save 1 person Reference Early detection of cardiac arrest BLS 11…

…Confirm cardiac arrest In case of a collapse (out of hospital or in hospital) the first task is to determine if a cardiac arrest has…

…al ). The incidence of treated cardiac arrests outside hospitals (OHCA) is about 70 cases per 100,000 person years in Europe ( EuReCA One, Benjamin et…

…due to dysfunction in the sinoatrial node is referred to as sinus node dysfunction (SND). If a person with ECG signs of SND is symptomatic…

…Fortunately, most children (even the youngest) can be distracted by a parent or other personnel. Distracting the child during ECG recording may be recommended to…

…ventricular filling). Persons with premature beats might perceive this as palpitations, because of the stronger ventricular contractions caused by the increased filling. Frequent premature beats…

…in the ventricles. The ectopic impulse depolarizes the ventricles; because the impulse is discharged in the ventricles it will spread partly or entirely outside of…

…tachycardia) are mostly due to acute myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction, and in these cases, the likelihood of ROSC is higher as compared to other…

…individuals. In that scenario it might be explained by myocardial ischemia (affecting the sinoatrial node), sinus node dysfunction or side effects of digoxin treatment. If…

…aphasia, hemianopia or hand paresis in a person of working age Blood pressure Measure initially in both arms if this does not delay reperfusion treatment…

…have given carbohydrate or glucagon. In a person without diabetes, a hypoglycaemic disorder is defined primarily by Whipple's triad : 1. Symptoms or signs consistent…

…recurrence of symptoms or ST segment elevation). I C If time from symptom onset is 12 h, a primary PCI strategy is indicated in the…

…or cardiac surgery. The post infarction patient may experience: Reduced exercise tolerance Physical deconditioning Activity related anxiety Depression or psychological distress Loss of confidence in…

…However, left bundle branch block morphology is more common (regardless of heart rate) among persons with heart disease. Alternating block (right and left bundle branch…

…may be partially or completely obstructed. Consequently, the myocardium supplied by the occluded artery becomes ischemic. Ultimately this results in myocardial necrosis (death of myocytes)…

…a fairly good estimate of the actual workload. The perceived exertion may be graded from 0 (none) to 10 (maximal exertion) or according to the…

…electrical impulse to the posterior and inferior walls of the left ventricle. Anatomical or functional block in the anterior fascicle leads to left anterior fascicular…

…and ECG changes. Although the risk of cardiac arrest is very small, personnel must be well trained in resuscitation. Subject preparations The procedure must be…

…is persisted in; and, that on stopping, the distress immediately abates, or altogether subsides; have . . . formed a constituent part of the character of Angina Pectoris…

…form of ischemia located in the subendocardium during exercise; this manifests with ST segment depressions with upsloping ST segment during exercise but the person is…

…node dysfunction is an umbrella term for conditions that either affect the automaticity of the sinoatrial node or block the impulse from reaching the atria…

…capable of recognizing STEMI using 12 lead ECG. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of EMS personnel in detecting…

…to the chain of survival, the first task is to recognize cardiac arrest and alert the EMS (in OHCA) or cardiac arrest team (in IHCA)…

…an unexpected death due to cardiac causes that occur within 1 hour of symptom onset. The person may or may not have known cardiac disease…