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Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…needle (iliac crest or sternal needle with stylet) and a Jamshidi type biopsy needle. Syringes: a small 5–10 mL syringe for the first aspirate…

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Assessment and Prevention

…with several simultaneous renal insults. Infection, hypovolaemia, cardiac dysfunction, haemodynamic instability, anaemia and other nephrotoxic exposures may contribute to tubular injury, making attribution to contrast…

Abscess incision and drainage

…pseudoaneurysm Surgeon, ultrasound first Other situations that argue for the operating theatre rather than the emergency room: a very large or deep abscess, a markedly…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…necrosis and, in the worst case, amputation. The decisive step is therefore not the choice of dressing but the ankle brachial index before the first…

Endocarditis: definitions, causes, diagnosis, echocardiography & treatment

…foreign materials pose a high risk of infection. Approximately 20% of all endocarditis affect people with valve prostheses and among other cases 18% show significant…

Central venous catheter

…the most stable dressing, lowest risk of infection and thrombosis with prolonged dwell time Highest risk of pneumothorax, the vessel cannot be compressed after arterial…

Cardiac arrest during pregnancy and childbirth

…be delivered within 5 minutes following the maternal cardiac arrest. Within the context of pregnancy, hypovolemia and other etiologies of hypotension remain the predominant causes…

Antiplatelet Therapy in Secondary Prevention After Myocardial Infarction

…a separate platelet activation pathway. The principal oral P2Y12 inhibitors discussed in the source material are clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor. Combining aspirin with a P2Y12…

De-escalation and Shortened Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients at High Bleeding Risk

…syndrome (ACS), DAPT is used to reduce recurrent myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and other ischemic events after coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or medical…

Alcohol and Cardiovascular Disease

…source material as at least eight drinks weekly in females or at least 15 drinks weekly in males, or binge drinking in either sex. Other…

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