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Urinary alkalinisation

…serum concentration. Alkalinisation increases renal elimination several fold and at the same time reduces the passage of salicylate into the central nervous system. Contact your…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…salicylate poisoning, intubation with an inadequate minute ventilation can rapidly worsen the acidaemia and increase the entry of salicylate into the central nervous system. Discuss…

Arterial Hypertension: Definition, Diagnosis and Out-of-Office Measurement

…measurements provide only a limited representation of usual blood pressure and may be biased by the clinical environment. Out of office measurement is consequently central…

Central venous catheter

…dialysis catheter, not an ordinary triple lumen catheter). Measurement of central venous pressure and central venous oxygen saturation. Repeated blood sampling during intensive care. Exhausted…

Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Diagnosis and Treatment

…variable and echocardiographic measurement has meaningful variability. Patients with LVEF 40% have substantial morbidity and mortality, despite often having a greater burden of cardiovascular and…

Posterior Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis on the Standard ECG

…of additional leads. Evaluation and Physical Examination At first medical contact, assessment should occur concurrently with acquisition of the initial ECG. Evaluation includes prompt measurement…

Arterial line

…whom non invasive measurement is unreliable: marked obesity, pronounced vasoconstriction, arrhythmia, intra aortic balloon pump. Assessment of stroke volume variation as part of fluid management…

Targeted temperature management after cardiac arrest

…null The current ERC and ESICM recommendation is continuous core temperature measurement and the active prevention of fever — defined as a temperature above about 37…

Resistant Hypertension: Evaluation and Treatment

…excluded with out of office measurements. Objective assessment of adherence may be undertaken where resources permit, using directly observed treatment or detection of prescribed drugs…

Sepsis and septic shock: quick reference for the first hour

…fluid and lactate measurement. A meta analysis of emergency department alert systems found an association with lower mortality, but most of the evidence was observational…

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