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Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Clinical Significance

…and laboratory components; the diagnostic criteria themselves are not reproduced in the available source material. Waist circumference is particularly important because intra abdominal, or visceral…

ECG changes due to electrolyte imbalance (disorder)

…cardiac action potential may be altered by electrolyte imbalance, owing to changes in intra and extracellular electrolyte concentrations. Some electrolyte imbalances are clinically negligible (from…

Arterial line

…vasoconstriction, arrhythmia, intra aortic balloon pump. Assessment of stroke volume variation as part of fluid management. Contraindications Infection, burn or trauma over the insertion site…

Joint aspiration

…the samples are sent correctly. A corticosteroid must never be injected into a joint in which infection has not been excluded. Indications Acute monoarthritis in…

🟠 Fenoldopam

…Nausea. Hypokalemia. Increased intra ocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. Caution Used cautiously in patients with glaucoma or increased intracranial pressure. Fenoldopam doses and administration…

🟠 Inotropes and Vasopressors

…Careful electrocardiographic and hemodynamic monitoring with ECG, central vein catheter and intra arterial catheter (A line) is warranted. Overview of vasopressors and inotropes Inotropes and…

Diuretic Strategy and Decongestion in Heart Failure

…renal function does not necessarily indicate reduced cardiac output or impaired renal perfusion. Many patients have preserved cardiac output; increased venous and intra abdominal pressures…

Inotropes and Vasopressors: Doses, indications, contraindications and effects

…Careful electrocardiographic and hemodynamic monitoring with ECG, central vein catheter and intra arterial catheter (A line) is warranted. Overview of vasopressors and inotropes Inotropes and…

Reduction of dislocations

Procedurer A dislocation is reduced with muscle relaxation, not with force. The methods that work best exploit time, gravity and slow movement; those that fail…

Quiz: ECG in athletes

…Ventricular pre excitation', and QRS duration ≥140 ms is considered 'Profound nonspecific intra ventricular conduction delay', both of which are not typical normal findings. 5…

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